180 



ANODONT^ 



he cites it as being first published in the 3rd 



the name P. Oederi as a synonym, ne cu« .. »» — D ' r " . 



of Niemann's Pta«*» in 1821, or eight years later than the appearance of 



Le for the Swiss form, whereas if he had rest the reference by H^on 



givei 



edition of Horn 



his c 



page 



To6 of the volume of Vet. AJc. Handl. (for 1818) quoted by him, he must have 

 ed that the name P. Oederi there referred to had been in use prior to 818 



Since the species was one 



for which he himself was responsible, if he knew 



at the 



name 



ascertain w 



P. Men had been also applied to it, it was in a peculiar sense his duty to 

 il8WfMUU .here and when the name P. Oederi first had appeared. Walpers m 1814 

 followed Steven and perpetrated the curious misquotation already mentioned; Bentham also 

 fallowed Steven in 1846. Neither Walpers nor Bentham quote VahPs name, which may 

 therefore be assumed to have escaped their notice. Bunge, on the other hand (1847), 

 deliberately excludes Wahlenberg's Scandinavian plant without saying (Ledeh, Flor. Boss, m, 

 !00) where it should be located, and complicates matters still more by saying that P. Oederi 

 of the Danish botanists is a plant from Iceland, and that it has all the filaments glabrous. 

 Now in the first place Wahlenberg's Scandinavian plant (there is a specimen of Wahlenberg's 

 at Calcutta) has the anterior stamens hirsute, and certainly is the same as his Swiss 

 P. vrsi'color, of which there are also authentic specimens here; in the second 



n t ,lcr (Flor. lhin. i, 7) says Ids plant is from Norway, and does not mention Iceland 



at all; finally, if the plant that is P. Oederi has glabrous stamens, then P. Oederi 

 should become a synonym of P. Jlammea, which Bunge has refrained from making it. 

 Turc/.\ninow (1856) also rejects Wahlenberg's Scandinavian synonym, in this clearly 

 simply copying Bunge; he does not face any of these three difficulties to Bunge's note. 

 The younger Reichenbach's treatment of the question (1S62) is more extraordinary still. 



lie accepts Vahl's name, but gives the 1821 edition of Hornemann as its place of 

 publication. To obviate the necessity of palpably violating the law of priority, he 

 rakes the opposite course from that pursued by Bunge, suppresses Wahlenberg's Swiss 

 synonym of 1813 {Veg. Ilelvet. 118), and says that that author's Scandinavian synonym 

 of 1824 (Flor. Suec. i, 389) is the earliest appearance of the name P. versicolor. 

 Steininger, whose careful critical revision of the European species of Pedicularis is 

 the most recent (1887), has given the synonymy of this species less satisfactory 

 treatment than he has that of any of the other European ones. He begins by adopting 

 Vahl's name— but copies Reichenbach's error of quoting the 1821 work as its place of 

 first publication. He follows this error by copying Walpers' one of quoting Wulfen as 

 the author of a notico written by Haencke, and immediately after gives Wahlenberg's name 

 for the Swiss plant— published in 1813— as a synonym for a name that he supposes 

 to have been only published in 1821. Steininger also adds " P. asplenifolia Baumg. 

 non Floerke" as a further synonym. As he does not say where Baums;arten fell into 



this error, I have been unable to verify his citation 



To conclude : the earliest name is clearly P. Oederi Vahl, which appeared first in 

 1806 and is thus seven years older than Wahlenberg's name. There is not now, and 

 there need never have been, the slightest dubiety about the identity of Vahl's plant. 

 As has been shown above, both it and the Swiss form have been equally mistaken 

 ior P. Jlammea, while both it and the Swiss plant have been long known to be the 



thing. The name given by Wahlenberg has become perhaps better known than 

 Vahl s name, but not to so great an extent as to justify a deviation from exact 

 compliance with the law of priority, and Vahl's name P. Oederi is therefore the one 

 that must in future be accepted. 



same 







* 



