INTRODUCTION. 
of cellular tissue, and of which the prolonged caudicles are enclosed in forward-projecting 
tubes, there being apparently no rostellum. These structural arrangements are seen in a 
still more pronounced form in Diplomeris hirsuta. They are also found in very many of 
the South African Ophrydeae, and they are very clearly shown in the excellent 
drawings of Mr. Bolus.* They culminate perhaps in Habenaria Bonatea, a remarkable 
South African species, the. structure of the flowers of which has been figured with 
marvellous skill and delicacy by Francis Bauer in his well-known and magnificent 
drawings. Тһе incompatibility of the monantherous theory with the arrangements in 
this and in other species of Habenaria appears to have struck Mr. Darwin, who 
refers to it in his book on the Fertilization of Orchids (pages 297 and 302, first 
edition), but he did not follow up the subject. 
— In my opinion the Sikkim sp»eies of Ophrydeae have really two anthers, one 
cell of each of which is fertile and the other call infertile. Таз infertile cell invari- 
ably occupies a position on the outer surface of the fertile one, and is the body 
usually described as а "staminole".t Таз two fertile anthers belong in my opinion to 
the inner whorl, the infertile anther being merged in the columa. In the Sikkim 
Ophrydeae one of the three stigmas is infertile, and the two lateral are fertile. 
These fertile stigmas are in many species quite distinct from each other; in other 
species they are conjoined into a simple or bi-lobed mass. Таз infertile stigma 
in many of the species is obscure; in others it forms a thickened and usually 
carved line running between the bases of the anther-cells. In Huzbenaria stenantha 
and H. geniculata it takes the form of a triangular concave plate occupying the 
lower part of the broad space betwen the bases of the anther-cells, but on a plane 
anterior to the web of cellular біззіз by which these cells are connected with each 
other. "The infertile stigma acquires its greatest development in Diplomeris hirsuta, 
in which (see description on page 998 and figs. 1 and 2 on plate 413) it forms a 
large concave hood placed well in front of the anther-cells, and (in a front view) 
hides the whole of the latter, except the extremities of the caudicles and their tubes. 
In this remarkable plant the two fertile pistils consist of two elongated parallel 
bodies, stigmatic at the apex, which overhang the claw of the lip and point down- 
wards. like the lip. The arrangement closely resembles that which obtains in the 
South African species of Habenaria of the section Bonatea. . | 
The taxonomic matters in which there is in the -following pages divergence 
from the current views, consist (а) in the restoration of Lindley's tribe Malazideae, 
which has by most recent writers been merged in Zpidendreae; (b) in the 
restitution to the tribe Vandeae of a few genera (hereafter mentioned in detail) 
which have of late been included in .Zpidendreae; (с) in the breaking up of the 
* Orchids of South Africa, and Orchids of the Cape Peninsula. 
T I have examined many flowers and drawings of species of Ophrydeae in the hope of finding a ies in whi 
ТАА à rı | species in which 
the infertile celis or staminodes are attached on the inner sides of the fertile cells. But the only case in which I have 
found such an appearance is in Mr. Bolus's drawing of Pterygodium earnosum, Lindl, (Orchids of the Cape Peninsula; 
t. 12, fig. 5). If the structures there represented as ovvid rugulose bodies really are stamincdes, the fact affords а 
strong confirmation of my theory. 
