HABENARTA. 319 
spur about as long as the lip, curved, sub-clavate, dorsally compressed ^ Column arching 
over the entrance to the spur, very short. Anther-cells nearly parallel; роПітіа broadly 
pyriform, longer than the curved stout caudicles, glands oblong; s/aminodes oblong, 
attached externally to the anther-cells. Stigmas two, small, oblong, lying at each side 
of the entrance to the spur. - 
Sikkim, on Sinchal, at an elevation of 8,000 feet; Sin-ga-le-la, elevation 10,000 
feet; flowering in July; Pantling No. 332. 
A very distinct species; dedicated to the memory of the late Adolf Biermann, for 
many years resident on the Government Cinchona Plantation in Sikkim, and who died 
as Curator of the Botanic Garden, Calcutta, 
Рглте 419.—Habenaria Biermanniana, King and Pantling. An entire plant, of natural size. 
Fig. 1 bract, ovary and flower, 2 column showing the back of the anther-cells, the staminodes, stigmas 
(s), entrance to the spur and the base of the lip, 3 lip, 4 the petals, 5 section of spur, taken from 
its widest part, 6 pollinia; ай enlarged. 
. 
17. HABENARIA DENSA, Wall. in Lindl. Gen. and Spec. Orch., 326. 
Stem 12 to 30 inches,  Twbers oblong. Stem clothed in its lower part with long 
loose blunt sheaths. Leaves three to five, narrowly elliptic, acute, tapering very ‘little to 
the long sheath; length 2:5 to 4 in., breadth ‘75 to 1:5 in. Peduncle of the spike 6 
to 18 inches long, bearing a few linear-lanceolate bracts, diminishing in size upwards. 
Spike 6 to 19 or even 18 in. long; its rachis short, rather densely flowered. Flowers 
"85 in. across; floral bract lanceolate, acuminate, ciliolate, longer than the tumid shortly- 
beaked curved short ovary. Sepals sub-equal, thick, ciliolate, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 
the dorsal erect and concave; the lateral pair narrower, reflexed. Petals nearly as 
long as the sepals, elliptic-oblong, with oblique bases and blunt apices, the exposed 
margin fleshy, that overlapped by the dorsal sepal thin. Lip as long as the sepals, 
linear, obtuse, with a transverse callus at its base close to the column; spur clavate, 
half as long as the ovary, pendulous, compressed laterally. Column short, broad. Anther- 
cells distant, parallel, without tubes; staminodes large, consisting of two united elongate 
processes; the upper pair rough and parallel to the lower halves of the anther-cells; 
the lower pair smooth, their apices converging inwards below the stigmas and almost 
meeting over the base of the lip; pollinia elliptic, tapering very little to the base, 
the caudicles short; the glands oblong, situated at the sides of the opening into the 
spur. Stigmas two, small, sub-orbicular, convex, lying between the glands of the pollinia 
and the staminodes, Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. VI, 153; Krüntzlin in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 
XVI, 216. Platanthera densa, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7046. Р, clavigera, Lindl. Gen. and 
Spec. Orch., 289. 
Sikkim, in the Lachong valley and on the Sing-ga-le-la range, at elevations of 
from 8,000 to 12,000 feet; in flower during July and August; Hooker, Gammie, 
Panting No. 413. Westward along the range to Simla; also in Chumbi in western 
Bhotan. 
The colour of the flowers is green throughout. 
Prater 420.—Habenaria densa, Wall. А plant, of natural size. Fig. 1 a flower, 2 profile view of 
bract, sessile ovary, column and lip with its spur, 3 the petals, 4 lip, 5 column showing the callus (c) 
at the base of the lip where the latter joins the column, the stigmas (s), staminodes (f), and entrance to 
the spur (m), 6 section of spur, 7 apex of the same, 8 pollinia; a// enlarged, 
