59 ANNALS OF THK ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. [C. marginatus. 
In Lober’s female specimen the sheathed stem is 3 em. in diameter, the leaf- 
sheaths are strongly gibbous above and densely armed with horizontal rows of 
confluent, triangular, iaminar, black spines, which have a lighter coloured, sharply 
defined base. An entire leaf has a petiolar part 15 cm. long, and on the whole is 
1:10 m. in length; the petiole has prickly margins; the rachis is armed beneath 
with a line of single claws along the. centre, and with a similar line on each side: 
The leaflets are numerous, equidistant, almost equal!y green on both surfaces; the 
mesials 30-35 em, long, 16-18 mm. broad, rather distinctly 3-costulate, above the 
midcosta is smooth or has a few small spinules near the apex, the side costulae 
are slender, and also with a few straggling spinules underneath; the mid-costa is 
rather closely bristled, and the side-nerves are usually smooth, but on these also a 
few setiform spinules may sometimes be seen. The spadiz is six (!) metres long 
(in one specimen) inclusive of a slender, terminal, very minutely and closely clawed 
cirrus, simply decompound, with a few, very distant, partial inflorescences, exactly 
as in the type, but the spathes are more thickly beset with prickles; the secondary 
and tertiary spathes are also set with minute prickles in their upper part; the 
spikelets are 15-18 cm. long, very slightly zig-zag sinuous, with as many as 15-16 
flowers on each side; the involucre is shallowly cupular, and the areola of the 
neuter flower is crescent-shaped with sharp margins. The /ruit (in the specimen 
from Polillo) agrees quite well with that of the plant from the Malayan Peninsula; 
it is globular, 15-16 mm. in diameter, obtusely beaked, with straw-coloured scales; the 
seed is globular, 10 mm. in diameter, pitted on the surface and with deeply ruminate 
albumen, exactly as in the type. 
106. CaLAMUs MARGINATUS Mart. Add:—Beec. in Bot. Zahrb. xlviii, (1912) 91, 
Description.—Not very high scandent (3 m. high—Winkler). Sheathed stem 20-25 cm. 
in diameter. Leajf-sheaths flagelliferous, very short, very obliquely truncate at the 
mouth, conspicuously gibbous or with a roundish swelling at the base of the petiole, 
powerfully armed with approximate, large, laminar, elastic, brown, horizontal 
spines, usually 15-25 mm, long, and 4-6 mm, broad at the base, or at times 
considerably smaller, Ocrea liguliform and produced beyond the rim of the mouth 
of the leaf-sheaths, dry, glabrous, deciduous,  Leaf-sheath flagella very long and 
slender (nearly 3 m. long), armed on the sheathing parts with very small scattered 
prickles and on the axial prolongations at regular intervals, with  half-whorls of 
small, very sharp claws. Leaves non-cirriferous, l'l m. long in the  pinniferous 
part; the petiole 12-15 cm. long, 10 mm, broad, concave or broadly channelled 
on the upper surface, where armed, especially near the edges, with blackish, 
ascendent spines: the lower surface is convex and armed along the centre with a 
line of spines, and still more powerfully near and on the acute edges, where the 
spines are in 2-3 lines, laminar, rigid, approximate, divergent and horizontal, the 
lowest being 15-20 mm. long and the upper shorter; rachis polished, armed 
on the lower surface throughout along the centre with a line of solitary claws 
and in its lower portion with another line on each side of short straight 
horizontal spines; on the upper surface, the rachis in its lower portion is channelled 
along the centre and has a deep furrow on each side, where the leaflets are 
inserted ; higher up it has a very sharp smooth salient angle and slightly concave 
