80 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. (C. aquatilis. 
De! cRIPTION.—I have now recognized in C. aguaiilis Ridley the  Daemonorops 
erinaceus which I described from a sterile specimen collected by me in Borneo, at 
Sibo, near the seashore, not far from the mouth of the Sarawak River (Pl. Born. 
No, 2192), To the same species is referable a specimen with an entire fruiting 
spadix collected by Low, also in Borneo, preserved in the Botanical Museum at Kew 
and bearing the Malay name “Rotan Tengang.” With the help of these specimens 
I am now able to complete the description already given at page 293. 
Sheaihéd stem 9:5-4 cm. in diameter. Leaf-sheaths strongly gibbous above, very 
obliquely truncate at the mouth, which, like the gibbosity and the base of the 
petiole, is densely clothed with blackish, 10-15 mm. long, eriniform spieulae; also 
near the mouth rise erect a few long (5-8 cm.) needle-like, thickish, although 
somewhat flattened spines; the entire surface of the sheaths is very densely 
armed with many, rather “approximate, interrupted, oblique series of unequal 
spines, which vary from 1-6 cm, in length and are blackish or of a chocolate- 
brown colour, narrow, needle-like, flattened, thickish, rigid, horizontal or slightly 
deflexed, confluent by their bases into a very narrow, slightly raised crest; with 
these spines are mixed many slender and criniform spiculae; a greyish, apparently 
waxy, thin, powdery coating covers the entire surface of the sheaths and the bases 
of the spines. eaves of full grown plants 2°75 m. long in the pinniferous part, and 
terminating in a rather strong cirrus, 1-4 m. long; petiole 25-30 cm. long, 2-2:5 em: 
broad at its base, sprinkled, like the rachis, with a powdery fugacious scurf, smooth, 
very slightly coneave or flattish on the upper surface, rounded underneath where 
armed only on the margins, especially in its basal part, with long and very narrow, 
needle-like, thickish, very rigid, brown, horizontal or slightly deflexed spines, with 
which are intermingled other smaller spines pointing contrary ways; the rachis on 
the upper surface is sparsely prickly throughout; at first it is flat, then slightly 
channelled, and towards the end has a salient and strongly prickly angle; at the sides . 
it is deeply grooved where the leaflets are attached; underneath it is strongly convex, 
at first smooth along the centre, thence remotely armed first with solitary, higher 
up with ternate, and on the cirrus with half-whorled claws. Leaflets exactly as 
already described. Female spadiz simply decompound, apparently shorter than the leaves, 
rather robust, as thick as a man’s little finger in the lower part of its main-aXis ; 
it has several arched and recurved partial inflorescences, of which the lowest are about 
50 em. long; the lowest spathe protrudes very slightly from the axilla of the leaf; the 
other primary spathes are tubular, not very elongate, 7-8 cm. long in the exposed 
part, slightly enlarged above or very narrowly infundibuliform, closely sheathing, almost 
horizontally truncate at the mouth, produced at one side into a triangular acute point, 
armed with numerous, small, short, but robust, scattered or slightly confluent, reversed 
prickles. The remainder as already described. 
Surry. Puare 43.—Calamus aquatilis Ridley. Portion of the sheathed stem and 
terminal part of a leaf. The specimen described under the name of Daemonorops 
erinaceus in Records Bot. Surv. Ind. lc.— No. 2192 Bece. Pl. Born. 
Surry. Prate 44.— Calamus aquatilis Ridley. Portion of the sheathed stem bearing 
the lower part of a spadix with immature fruits. From Low’s specimen in the 
Museum at Kew. 
