90 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. [C. Arugda. 
147a. CaLAMUS ARUGDA Becc. in Philip. Journ. Science iy (1909) 622. 
Description.—Scandent, of moderate or rather large size, the stems (naked 
canes?) 2 cm. in diameter (Klemme). Leaf-sheaths . . . Leaves rather large: in the 
small portion seen by me they have equidistant, alternate, not very closely set 
leaflets (6-7 cm. apart); the intermediate portion of the rachis is slightly convex 
beneath where it is armed with small claws along the middle; above it is bifaced 
with an obtuse, salient angle. Leaflets elliptical-lanceolate, broadest about their 
middle, and narrowing equally to both ends, gradually acuminate to a not 
conspicuously bristly tip; the base acute; they are rigid- -papyraceous, green, 
slightly paler beneath than above, Suoostulate; the costae very sharp, smooth, or 
bearing a few inconspicuous spinules above, quite smooth beneath; margins very 
minutely and appressedly spinulous from the base; transverse  veinlets very fine» 
very approximate, and continuous; the leaflets seen by me apparently belong to 
the intermediate portion of a leaf from a young plant, 45-46 em. long, 5-6 em. 
broad. Male spadiz . . . . Female spadiz not seen entire by me, apparently 
very dense; the summit of one (or of a partial inflorescence ?) had several 
short approximate branchlets, each terminating in a short, unarmed, thick, 
caudiculum, 10-15 em. long; spathes (primary or secondary ?) tubular-infandibuliform,, 
8-5 cm. long, thinly rusty furfuraceous, thinly coriaceous, exsuccous, niarcespeht 
and more or less fibrous-lacerated at the mouth, prolonged at one side into a 
triangular, acuminate, and acutely dorsally mated point, the keel covered with 
tigid spiculiform bristles which rest on a bulbous base; branchlets inserted inside, 
but near, the mouth of their respective spathes, 6-8 cm. long, with 3-4 spikelets 
on each side; secondary (or tertiary?) spathes infundibular, similar to the primary 
but smaller and not bristly; spikelets short, 3-4 cm. long, rather broad with a 
zigzag sinuous axis, and with only 4-5 alternate flowers, or pairs of flowers, 
on each side; spathels broad, concave, embracing the involucre, and produced at 
one side into a triangular point; involucrophorum concave, quite sessile, attached 
laterally to the base of the spathel above its own; involucre shallowly and often 
asymmetrically cupular, usually bidentate at one side. Female flowers ovate, 6 mm, 
long, usually in pairs at each spathel in the lower part of the spikelets, in this 
case not being accompanied by a neutral flower; near the end of the spikelets. 
the female flowers are solitary and the involucre bears a very depressed lunate, 
sharply defined areola for the reception of the neuter flower. Fruit when still 
very young ventricose in the middle, narrowing at both ends, stoutly beaked and 
terminating in 3 small recurved stigmas. Seales in 15 longitudinal series, not 
channelled along the middle, of a straw-yellow colour in the posticous part and 
with a broad black marginal line, the point squarrose, slightly produced, and 
erosely-ciliate. Seed... . Fruiting perianth campanulate, narrowing to a rather 
acute base, the calyx split down past the middle into 3 broadly ovate lobes, the 
corolla barely longer than the calyx. 
Hasrrat,—The Philippines. At Zalloc, Cagayan Province, Luzon, in dense 
forests at about 50 m. above the sea, collected by W. Klemme, April 1907. 
(Herb. Forestry Bureau, Manila No. 6649.) 
