C. pogonacanthus.] SEOCARL THE SPECIES OF CALAMUS.—SUPPLEMENT. 107 
veinlets sharp, and much interrupted; the largest leaflets are the mesials, about 35 
em. long, 22-24 mm. broad: those near the base are narrower, and slightly 
shorter; those near the end shorter, yet not narrower. Male spadiz, . . Female 
spadiz rather elongate, but somewhat shorter than the leaves (1'2 m. in one 
specimen), attached about midway of its sheath, rigid and erect in its lowest part, 
nodding and flaccid in the remaining portion; it is non-cirriferous at its upper 
end, and bears only +4 rather large, loose, partial inflorescences; primary  spathes 
tubular, closely sheathing; the lowest strongly flattened, 12 cm. long, acutely 
two-edged, very obliquely-truncate at the mouth, produced at one side into a 
triangular point, densely covered with ascendent, very small spines but of the 
same kind as those of the leaf-sheaths; the second spathe is only slightly 
flattened and is armed with very small hooked prickles; the upper primary spathes are 
more or less cylindrical, are 12-15 cm. long, slightly enlarged above, more or less 
prickly on the back, obliquely truncate at the moutks, which are ciliated with 
deciduous black hairs, and are produced at the apex into a triangular acute point; 
the partial inflorescences are inserted just at the mouth of their respective spathes, 
from which they spring erect, and then become nodding: the lowest is 50 cm. 
long, bears 8 distant spikelets on each side, and terminates in a small, smooth tail-like 
appendage; the other partial inflorescences are somewhat smaller; secondary spathes 
tubular-infundibuliform about 3 cm. long, smooth, almost horizontally truncate, and 
deciduously ciliate at the mouth, produced at one side into a short triangular 
point; spikelets inserted just at the mouths of their respective spathes, vermicular, 
spreading, slightly sinuous; the lower spikelets (largest; 8-10 cm. long. 3 mm. thick 
in their axial parts, with 18-20 flowers on each side; upper spikelets not much 
smaller; spathes infundibuliform, exactly horizonally truncate, ciliolate at the mouth, 
very briefly produced and apiculate at one side, sprinkled with chocolate-brown 
scales; involucrophorum concave, laterally adnate to the base of the spathel above its 
own, bidentate on the side next to the axis; involucre rather deeply and unequally 
cupular, lunately excavate and bidentate on the side of the neuter flower; areola of 
the neuter flower conspicuous, lunate, sharply edged. Female flowers, judging from 
the fruiting perianth, small, about 3 mm, long. Fruiting pertanth cyathiform or 
subpedicelliform, with the calyx split into 3 broad parts not quite to the base; 
the segments of the corolla barely longer than the calyx, acute. Fruit very small, 
globular, 5 mm. in diameter, surmounted by a relatively conspicuous and stout muero, 
which is crowned with the narrow circinate stigmas; scales very numerous and very small, 
arranged in 24 longitudinal series, almost glossy, uniformly brown, with a narrow 
reddish margin, very appressed, convex, narrowly grooved along the centre, the point 
bluntish, scarious denticulate. Seed globular, The fruit I have described was 
not quite mature, but apparently had attained its definitive size. 
OssERvATIONS.— This Calamus belongs to the group XV—A of my monograph by 
its cirriferous leaves, non-flagelliferous leaf-sheaths, non-flagellferous spadices, non- 
pedicellate spikelets and sub-pedicelliform fruiting perianth, but it does not seem 
closely allied to any one of those already known. It is specially distinguishable 
by its leaf-sheaths armed with very peculiar, ascendent, laminar, triangular, fringed 
spines, and by the very small, globular, conspicuously beaked fruit, 
Ann, Roy. Bor. Garp. CarcurrA You. XL 
