114 ANNALS OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALOUTTA. [C. Vidalianus. 
181. Carawus VipALiIANUS Becc. Add:—Becc. in Philip. Journ. iv, (1909), 631, 
Add to the localities:—Montalban, Province of Rizal, Luzon (Loker, March 
1906, No. 7087 in the Herbarium at Kew: specimen with female spadix in flower). 
Guinayangan, Province of Tayabas, Luzon, M. Ramos, No. 13214, in Herb. Manila 
and in the Province of Nueva Ecija, R. J. Alvarez, No. 22162, in Herb. Manila, 
Both numbers have male spadices. 
In Loher’s female specimen the sheathed stem is 2 cm, in diameter; the leaf- 
sheaths are greenish or purplish-greenish, gibbous above, and feebly armed with 
very small, straight, broed-based spines 2-3 mm. long; the mouth is truncate 
and fringed with scales and a few spinules. One leaf is 1:6 m. long in the 
pinniferous part, and terminates in a rather long, robust and strongly clawed 
cirrus; the petiole is quite obsolete. The leaflets are about 30 on each side, 
rather approximate and equidistant in the lower part of the rachis, more distant 
and somewhat inequidistant above; the mesials are 30-32 cm. long and 20-25 
mm. broad and are usually furnished above, near the base of the mid-costa with 
1-2 spinules, which are more robust than some which stand higher up; one nerve 
on each side of the mid-costa is also more or less spinulous, but occasionally a single 
nerve on one side only is so; underneath all nerves are smooth; the rachis on the 
upper surface of its lower portion is armed with unequal erect spines, which 
disappear higher up, where the rachis is bifaced, with the salient angle very obtuse; 
underneath, the rachis is smooth in its basal part, but towards its upper end is 
armed with claws, which are at first single, then geminate and finally in 
half-whorls. The female spadiz is erect, diffuse, 90 cm. long, has only 4-5 
partial inflorescences on each side, and terminates in a short tail-like prickly 
appendage ; the lowest spathe is flattened, two-edged, 12 cm, long; all the other 
primary and secondary spathes are fringed at the mouth with small paleolae; the 
lower partial inflorescences are 30-35 cm. long, with 7-8 spikletes on each side: 
the upper are shorter, and have fewer spikelets ; the lower spikelets are 5-6 cm, 
long, and have 10-12 flowers on each side: the upper are shorter, and bear fewer 
flowers. The spikelets in Loher’s specimen are therefore somewhat more slender, and 
bear a few more flowers than those of Vidal’s No. 938, but are otherwise identical 
with the latter. The male specimen No. 13214 of the Manila Herbarium has the 
sheathed stem 18 mm. in diameter. The /eaf-sheaíhs are armed with spines longer than 
those of Loher’s No. 7087; the spines are light coloured, needle-like: the largest are 10-12 
mm. long, and leave a very distinct impression of their shapes on the surface of thg 
sheath, which in the interstices is greyish-pulverulent, and sprinkled in addition with 
minute, rusty-coloured dots. The aves are as already described, but in their upper 
parts the leaflets are very inequidistant, and frequently approximate in pairs on 
each side of the rachis. "The male spadiz is very similar to the female, erect, rigid, 
with 4-5 spreading partial inflorescences or spikelet-bearing branches on each side; 
the lowest spathe is strongly flattened, and acutely two-edged ; the lower branches 
are 15-20 cm. long, and carry 7-8 spreading spikelets on each side; upper branches 
gradually shorter and with fewer spikelets; finally the uppermost branches are 
reduced to simple spikelets, but longer, and with more flowers than the others; the 
spikelets are flattened and pectinate; the largest, those of the lower part of the 
