C. Kerrianus.] BECCARI. THE SPECIES OF CALAMUS.—SUPPLEMENT. 141 
rather large, often subseriate or irregularly confluent, deflexed, laminar, light coloured 
with spadiceous slender, very sharp points, 10-15 mm. long, 3-4 mm. long at their 
bases; the interstices between the large spines are occupied by other spines, consider: 
ably smaller, horizontal with a bulbous base, mixed with others still smaller, but ascen- 
dent; the surface of the young leaf-sheaths not occupied by the spines is thinly brownish- 
furfuraceous, and is more or less stamped with the impressions left upon it by the 
larger spines during the prefoliation. The mouth of the leaf-sheaths is obliquely 
truncate, dry, membraneous, and produced in to a short liguliform axillary ocrea. Leaves 
terminating in a slender cirrus armed with very sharp, half-whorled claws; the pinniferous 
part is about 1 m. long; the petiole 10 em. long, 8 mm. broad (in one leaf), flat above, 
where sprinkled with small prickles, convex beneath, where armed with a line of 
solitary small claws; its margins are acute and more or less prickly; the rachis 
has the upper surface convex and sparsely prickly in its lowest portion, and is 
smooth with an acute salient angle in the remainder; its lower surface is armed 
with a line of solitary claws, and also with smaller claws on the margins. Leaflets 
not very numerous, 26 on the whole in one specimen, very conspicuously approxi- 
mating in distant groups of 2—3 on each side of the rachis: they are oblong—subellip- 
tical, or slightly larger above the middle than below, subeochleariform, or rather 
considerably concavo-convex, tapering below to an acute base, and shortly and 
rather suddenly contracted above to a short acute bristly tip: they are papyraceous, 
concolorous, green and dull on both surfaces; on the upper surface, however, they are 
occasionally marked with polished and shiny narrow bands, especially along the 
margins; they have 4—6 very slender costae, and are quite bare of bristles or 
spinules on both surfaces; transverse  veinlets numerous, rather approximate and 
sharp; margins very minutely and appressedly spinulous; the intermediate leaflets 
18—22 cm. long, 6—6:5 em. broad; the upper ones gradually smaller. Male spadiz lax, 
subflagelliform, but not cirriferous, terminating in a short, slender, unarmed caudicu- 
lum, about 1 m. long in one specimen, almost simply branched, the lowest partial 
inflorescence only bearing small secondary branchlets at its base; it has on each 
side 4—5  spikelet-bearing branches or partial inflorescences and carries severa! 
simple spikelets on its apical part; primary spathes elongate, tubular, slightly enlarged 
and not very tightly sheathing in their upper part, greenish, armed on the back with 
a few very small claws, obliquely truncate, smooth, or deciduously ciliolate at the 
mouth, which is produced at one side into a triangular acute or acuminate point; 
the lowest spathe about 10 cm. long, somewhat larger than the others, rather acutely 
keeled, spinous in their basal parts, otherwise almost smooth; partial inflorescences 
inserted at or above the mouth of their respective spathes, spreading and arched ; 
the lowest is the largest, 20 cm, long, bears at its base 2 small secondary spikelet- 
bearing branchlets, and about 10 simple spikelets on each side; the other partial 
inflorescences are gradually shorter, and have fewer spikelets; secondary  spathes 
greenish, smooth elongate-tubular, slightly infundibuliform, truncate and deciduously 
ciliate at the mouth, produced at one side into a triangular acute point; spikelets 
flattened, pectinate, spreading, inserted just at the mouth of their respective spathes ;^ 
the largest, the lowest, are 2—2*5 cm. long and about 1 em. broad when loaded with 
fully-developed flowers; spathels broadly concave, acute, very approximate, deflexed, 
greenish, striately veined; involucre cupular, bidentate on the side next to the axis, 
Male flowers greenish, in contact with one another, horizontal, elongate-oblong, 
