Ixii INTRODUCTION. 



parisons respecting tne aggregate product of these cereals. In 1850 the United States, with a popula 

 tion of 23,191,876, exclusive of Indian tribes, produced 100,485,944 bushels of wheat, or 4.33 to each 

 inhabitant; 14,188,813 bushels of rye, or 0.61 to each inhabitant; and 592,071,104 bushels of corn, 

 or 25.53 to each inhabitant. 



In 1860, with a population, exclusive of Indian tribes, of 31,443,321, there were 173,104,924 

 bushels of wheat produced, or 5.50 to each inhabitant, showing an increase of one bushel and one- 

 sixth to each inhabitant, or an increase, in proportion to population, of twenty-seven per cent. Of rye 

 there were 21,101,380 bushels produced, or 0.67 to each inhabitant, showing an increase of 0.06 to each 

 inhabitant, or an increase, in proportion to population, of about ten per cent. Of corn there were 

 838,792,740 bushels produced, or 26.73 to each inhabitant, showing an increase of 1.20 to each 

 inhabitant, or an increase, in proportion to population, of 4.7 per cent. 



The aggregate product of wheat, rye, and corn produced in the United States in 1850 was 

 706,745,861 bushels, or 30.47 to each inhabitant. In 1860 the aggregate product of wheat, rye, and 

 corn was 1,032,999,044 bushels, or 32.90 to each inhabitant; an increase, in proportion to population, of 

 7.97 per cent. 



The New England States, with a population of 2,728,116 in 1850, produced 1,090,894 bushels of 

 wheat, or only thirteen quarts to each inhabitant. In 1860, with a population of 3,135,283, the New 

 England States produced 1,083,193 bushels, or about eleven quarts and a half to each inhabitant, 

 showing a decrease, in proportion to population, of 34.7 per cent. Of rye, the New England States 

 produced in 1850 1,570,589 bushels, or 0.539 to each inhabitant. 



In 1860 they produced 1,425,851 bushels, or 0.455 to each inhabitant, being a decrease, in pro 

 portion to population, of 18.46 per cent. The same States in 1850 produced 10,175,856 bushels of 

 corn, or 3.73 to each inhabitant. In 1860 they produced 9,164,505 bushels of corn, or 2.92 to each 

 inhabitant; a decrease, in proportion to population, of 27.74 per cent. 



The aggregate of wheat, rye, and corn produced in the New England States in 1850 was 

 12,837,339 bushels, or 4.73 to each inhabitant. In 1860 the aggregate of wheat, rye, and corn pro 

 duced was 11,673,549 bushels, or 3 72 to each inhabitant, showing a decrease, in proportion to popula 

 tion, of twenty-seven per cent. 



The middle States, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland, in 1850, with 

 a population of 6,573,301, produced 35,067,570 bushels of wheat, or 5.33 to each inhabitant. The 

 same States, in 1860, with a population of 8,258,150, produced 30,502,909 bushels, or 3.69 to each 

 inhabitant; a decrease, in proportion to population, of 44.4 per cent. Of rye, these States, in 1850, pro 

 duced 10,443,000 bushels, or 1.58 to each inhabitant. In 1860 the product was 12,247,300 bushels, 

 or 1.48 to each inhabitant, being a decrease of 6.7 per cent, in proportion to population. Of corn there 

 were produced in 1850 60,348,718 bushels, or 9.18 to each inhabitant. In 1860 there were produced 

 75,318,465 bushels, or 9.12 to each inhabitant; a decrease, in proportion to population, of 0.65 per cent. 

 The aggregate of wheat, rye, and corn produced in the middle States in 1850 was 105.859,288 bushels, 

 or 16.1 to each inhabitant. In 1860 the aggregate product was 118,068,674 bushels, or 14.29 to each 

 inhabitant; a decrease, in proportion to population, of 12.6 per cent. 



The western States, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Kentucky, 

 Indiana, and Illinois, in 1850, with a population of 6,379,723, produced 46,076,318 bushels of wheat, or 

 7.22 to each inhabitant. The same States, in 1860, with a population of 10,218,722, produced 102,251,127 

 bushels, or 10 to each inhabitant; an increase, in proportion to population, of 38.5 per cent. Of rye, the 

 product in 1850 was 1,254,580 bushels, or 0.196 to each inhabitant. In 1860 the product was 5,157,923 

 bushels, or 0.504 to each inhabitant; being an increase, in proportion to population, of 157 per cent. Of 

 corn, the product in 1850 was 280,881,093 bushels, or 44 to each inhabitant. In 1860 the product was 

 468,708,017 bushels, or 45.86 to each inhabitant; an increase, in proportion to population, of 4 percent. 

 The aggregate of wheat, rye, and corn produced in 1850 was 328,211,991 bushels, or 51.4 to each 

 inhabitant. In 1860 the aggregate was 576,117,067 bushels, or 56.36 to each inhabitant; an increase, 

 in proportion to population, of 9.63 per cent. 



