INTRODUCTION. cxi 



The following table shows the number ofhorses in the Pacific States in 1860, as compared with 1850: 



I860. 18.10. 



California ICO, 010 21,719 



Oregon 30, 772 8, 040 



New Mexico JO, 066 5, 079 



Utali 4, 505 2, 429 



Washington 4, 772 



Total 210, 785 37, 273 



There are 216,785 horses in the Pacific States. Of this number California lias 160,610. 

 The following table shows the number of inhabitants to each horse in the different sections of the 

 United States in 1860 and in 1850; - 



I860. 1850. 



New England States 12.10 12.85 



Middle States 7.36 2.90 



Western States 354 2. .00 



Southern States 5.33 5.04 



Pacific States 2.54 4.79 



United States and Territories 5.03 5.34 



In the United States there were in 1850 one hundred horses to every 534 inhabitants, and in 1860 

 one hundred horses to every 508 persons. 



In the New England States there were only one hundred horses to every 1285 inhabitants in 

 1850, and one hundred horses to every 1210 inhabitants in 1860. In other words, the increase in the 

 number of horses in the New England States has fully kept pace witli the increase in population. 



In the middle States there were 696 persons to every one hundred horses in 1850, and 736 in 

 1860. The increase in the number of horses does not keep pace with the increase in population. It 

 will be seen, however, that there are nearly double the number of horses in proportion to population 

 in the middle States than in the New England States. 



In the western States there were in 1850 one hundred horses to every 250 inhabitants, and in 1860 

 one hundred horses to every 354 inhabitants. In 1850 every family of five persons, on the average, in 

 the western States owned a team ; since then the increase in the population has been much greater than 

 the increase in the number of horses. Even now, however, there are two horses to every seven inhabitants. 



In the southern States there is about one horse to every five inhabitants. 



There are more horses in the Pacific States, in proportion to population, than in any other section. 

 There arc now about two horses to every five persons, or about the same proportion as there was in 

 the west in 1850. There are now nearly double the number of horses in the Pacific States in pro 

 portion to population than there was in 1850. 



ASSES AND MULES. 



The total number of asses and mules in the States and Territories in 1860 was 1,151,148 ; and in 

 1850, 559,331, showing an increase of over 100 per cent. 



The following table shows the number of asses and mules in the New England States in 1860, 

 as compared with 1850: 



I860. 1850. 



Maine 104 55 



New Hampshire 10 19 



Vermont 43 218 



Massachusetts 108 34 



Rhode Island 10 J 



Connecticut . 82 49 



Total 



There were but 376 asses and mules in the New England States in 1850; and small as is this 

 number, there were even still less in 1860, or only 357. 



