130 GRAMMAR OF ENTOMOLOGY. 



475. Punctate (punctatus), is when the surface 

 has the appearance of having been punctured 

 thickly by the point of a pin ; the pin not passing 

 through, but simply making impressions. 



476. Reticulate (reticulatus), is when the sur- 

 face appears to be levigate, and yet to bear on it 

 a covering of network. 



477. Carinate (carinatus), is when there are 

 strongly-marked longitudinal elevations, resem- 

 bling the keel of a ship. 



478. Canaliculate (canaliculatus), is when there 

 are strongly-marked longitudinal impressions : the 

 impression of a carinate surface would produce a 

 canaliculate surface. 



479. Sulcate (sulcatus), is when these longitu- 

 dinal indentions are somewhat less deep than those 

 to which the term canaliculate is applied. 



480. Striate (striatus) varies from the fore- 

 going, in the lines being still fainter. 



481. Tuberculate (tuberculatus), and verrucate 

 (verrucatus\ are synonymous ; they express the 

 existence of small tubercles or warts. 



482. Granulate (granulatus\ is when the sur- 

 face is completely covered with very much smaller 

 tubercles, like shagreen. 



483. Catenulate (catenulatus), is a striate sur- 

 face, in which some of the elevated spaces between 

 the striae are interrupted, and broken into a series 

 of short elevations. 



484. We now proceed to the names of colours 



