74 KKV TO THK HIRDS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA. 



* Group 4. Wing, 8.50 to 10 inches long. 



Section I. Hind toes, with well defined membraneous lobe 

 or flap; belly, white, sometimes tinged on lower part 

 with dusky or gray; head, marked with more or less 

 white, or brownish white. 



Head, brownish ; a i):itcli of dull wliite on face nt l)ase of 

 bill; siifculiiin. uiiitc (female'. 



Aijth]i(i hiiiriJ'i. Greater Scaup Duck. 

 Blue bill. Black=head. 



See No. 10."). 



Aytliya iiunil;i. 



Head and neck, dark glossy green ; a nearly romid pateli of wliite on eheek at base 

 of liill: hack. Iilack: si)eeuhnn. white (male). 



(fhnin'onf'ttd rJniKiiiJd anierirana. American Golden Eye. Whistler. 



See No. lOS. 

 Head, bluish black, or purplish blue; .in irreo;ulai- white patch on cheek at li,i>e of 

 hill (malei. dhnicioDettit ishiniiiru. Barrow's Golden Eye. 



See \o. 1011. 



Top of head, brown; sides of head, brownish white; speculum, gray; hill, more 

 tlian one and a (|narler inches loni;' demale). Aiithi/d (tuicririnui. Red=headed Duck. 



See No. 1():{. 

 Hill, not over 1.2.") loni; : a patch of white, or grayish white, on the head, including 

 the eye; no speculum : under tail covert, white; adult males haxc the tail leathers loni;' and 

 pointed. Clamjula /lyemalis. Old Squaw. Long-tailed Duck. 



S<'e \o. 111. 



Section 2. Hind toe, with well defined membraneous lobe 

 or flap ; belly, white, sometimes tinged on lower part 

 with dusky or gray; no white, or grayish white, on 

 head. 



Head, black, glossed with <rreeu ; hack, iiiayish white, linely 

 lined with Iilack : speculum, white (male). 



Aijiluiti laarihi. Greater Scaup Duck. 

 Blue-bill. Black=head. 

 See No. 105. 



Aythya marila ncarctlca. 



* For directions for ineasurenieiit, see i»;ige 9. 



