the particular sound which one day 

 may accompany and express fright 

 or anger may be laid aside for another 

 more suitable to new conditions, much 

 as a man uses different sounds in ask- 

 ing for butter at a French restaurant 

 and in a German inn. And while it is 

 probably not true that speech was 

 given for the purposes of communicat- 

 ing with others, it has occurred in na- 

 ture that speech has become the prin- 

 cipal means of transmitting ideas. 



An old Goose had her nest in the 

 kitchen of a farmer. She had been 

 endeavoring for a fortnight to hatch 

 some eggs, but was taken ill rather 

 suddenly and found she could not fin- 

 ish the task. With evident agony she 

 repaired to an outhouse where was a 

 Goose of but one year's growth. In 

 some way she told the young sister 

 that her valuable mission was about to 

 be interrupted ere its fulfillment and 

 implored her to become her successor. 

 So complete was the communication 

 between them that the young one en- 

 tered the kitchen and took her place 

 with evident maternal pride, remaining 

 there till the eggs were hatched and 

 afterwards caring assiduously for the 

 welfare of the Goslings. The old 

 Goose expired contentedly before in- 

 cubation was complete. 



A gentleman who visited London oc- 

 casionally was usually accompanied by 

 a small Dog. Nearing the city, he put 

 up at an inn and left the Terrier there to 

 await his return. Once, as he came 

 back from London, the Dog was not 

 there. He had had a fight with a large 

 Housedog and been so badly wounded 

 that it was thought he would not re- 

 cover. But after lying quietly for a 

 couple of days he disappeared. About 

 a week later he returned with a larger 

 animal, sought his ad\ersary, and by 

 union of efforts gave him a terrible 

 punishment. It was found that his 

 coadjutor was a neighbor, and that the 

 wounded animal must have tra\'eled 

 long to visit his friend, had been able 

 to tell him of his sorrows., awaken his 

 sympathies, and keep him enlisted in 

 his cause all the while they were on 

 their way to seek their enemy, and was 

 no doubt able to congratulate his part- 

 ner many times during the homeward 



journey on the success of their valor- 

 ous enterprise. 



Professor Morgan says: " I find that 

 the sounds emitted by young Chicks 

 are decidedly instinctive — that is to 

 say, they are inherited modes of giving 

 expression to certain emotional states. 

 And some of them are fairly differen- 

 tiated. At least six may be distin- 

 guished: First, the gentle, pipingsound 

 expressive of contentment — for exam- 

 ple, when one takes the little bird in 

 one's hand. A further low note, a sort 

 of double sound, seems to be associated 

 with extreme pleasure, as when one 

 strokes the Chick's back. Very char- 

 acteristic and distinct is the danger 

 note. This is heard on the second or 

 third day. If a large Humble-bee, or 

 a black Beetle, or a big lump of sugar, 

 or in fact anything largish and strange, 

 be thrown to them this danger note is 

 at once heard. Then there is the pip- 

 ing sound, expressive apparently of 

 wanting something. It generally ceases 

 when one goes near them and throws 

 some grain, or even only stands near 

 them. My Chicks were accustomed to 

 my presence in the room, and gener- 

 ally were restless, and continuously 

 made this sound when I left them. 

 Then there is the sharp squeak when 

 one seizes a Chick against its inclina- 

 tion. Lastly there is the shrill cry of 

 distress, when, for example, one of 

 them is separated from the rest. I 

 have very little doubt that all of these 

 sounds have a suggestive value of emo- 

 tional import for the other Chicks. 

 Certainly the danger-note at once 

 places others on the alert, and the 

 pleasure-note will cause others to come 

 to the spot where the little bird is when 

 the note is sounded." 



A good story is told by H. B. Medli- 

 cott to show what ideas wild pigs can 

 express in sounds. "In the early dawn 

 of a gray morning I was geologizing 

 along the base of the Muhair hills in 

 South Behar, when all of a sudden 

 there was a stampede of many Pigs 

 from the fringe of a jungle, with por- 

 cine shrieks of sauve-qui-peiit signifi- 

 cance. After a short run in the open 

 they took to the jungle again, and in a 

 few minutes there was another uproar, 

 but different in sound and in action; 



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