148 



THE BIRDS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA. 



Eyes not surrounded by radiated disk of 

 featliers ; plumage, black or dark Ijrowu ; 

 hiud toe, short; claws, not sharp; head, 

 l)are in adult. 



Family CATHARTID/E. Vultures. 



See page 158. 



Eyes not surrounded by radiated disk of feathers, as in tlie Owls : toes, armed with talons ; 

 liead, not ban . 



Family FALCONID/E. Hawks, Eagles, etc. 



See page 161. 



Ej-es, surrounded by 

 radiated disk of feathers; 

 plumage, soft; b i 1 1, 

 liooked; toes, armed with 

 talons. 



{(i) Middle toe nail witli coinh-lilcc edge. 



Family STRIQID/E. Barn Owls. 



See page 181. 



{b) Middle toe without comb-like edge. 



Family BUBONID/E. Horned Owls, Hoot Owls. 



See page 186. 



Toes, four, two in front and two l)ehind (zygodactyle) ; tail 

 feathers, stiff and pointed. Family PICID/E. Woodpeckers. 



See page lUl. 



Plumage, glossy black ; first primary, much shorter than 



second, not exceeding half as long as third; fourth, or fifth primary, 



longest; l)ill, stout and strong; the nostrils, concealed by coarse, 



hair-like feathers; outer tail feathers, shorter than middle feathers. 



Family CORVID/E. Crows and Ravens. 



See page 201. 



