CONTENTS. 



TiTLEPAGK ...... 



Dkdicatiox ..... 



Contexts ...... 



How TO Measure a Bikd . 

 IxDEX TO Key to Families 

 Key to Families op Land Kiuds 

 Groui" 1. Uiids having wings less than 1.75 iuches loug ; measured beiul o 

 wing (carpus) to tip of longest feather .... 



Groip 2. Birds having wings from 1.75 to 2.75 inches loug 



Section 1. First primary, less than half as long as third 

 Part 1. Tip of upper mandible with small but distinct hook or 

 notch ........ 



Part 2. Upper mandible without notch or hook at tip 

 Section 2. First primary more than half as long as third 

 Part 1. Tip of upper mandible with small but distinct hook o 

 notch ........ 



Part 2. Tip of upper mandible not notched or hooked 

 Grolp 3. Birds having wings measuring from 2.75 to 3.25 iuches long 

 Section 1. First primary, less than half as long as third 

 Part 1. A small but distinct hook or notch at tip of uppe 

 mandible ....... 



Part 2. Tip of upper mandible not notched or hooked 

 Section 2. First primary, not short, always more than half a: 

 long as third . . . . . . • 



Part 1. Tip of upper mandible with small but distinct hook or 

 notch ....... 



Part 2. Tip of upper mandible not notched or hooked 



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