520 Mr. 0. R. Narayana Rao on the Anatomy of 



Setse are small and closely paired in the anterior two- 

 thirds of the body, while those behind are slightly larger 

 occasionally. First somite free. aa^=hc or broader in the 

 preclitellar i-egion ; in the postclitellar region aa = 2/S be. 



Dorsal pores present, commencing behind the clitellura. 



Clitellum is definitely marked, extending over segments 

 10-13. 



The genital markings are either completely absent or may 

 comprise short segmental grooves and thickenings in front 

 and behind the genital orifices, which may be connected by 

 these grooves, as in some examples in the collection. In a 

 few immature forms a faint dome-shaped, swelling is present 

 between and in front of the female apertures, which in some 

 cases may be connected with the male pores by compara- 

 tively shallow grooves. Occasionally an oval thickening 

 marked whitish surrounds the s|)ermathecal opening. In 

 some specimens which are fairly mature, there are slightly 

 raised, thick, white patches on somites 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 

 without any genital significance, confined either to the 

 ventral or dorsal surface of the body-wall ; such white 

 patches on the contiguous segments become confluent, and 

 do not in any case occupy more than 1/3 of the body- 

 diameter. 



Spermathecal apertures in groove 7/8 in seta-line cd. 



Male openings in intersegmental groove 7/8 are trans- 

 verse slits, surrounded by two swollen lips and are halfway 

 between be. Atrial papillae occasionally project through 

 the apertures. 



Female orifices inconspicuous in furrow 11/12 on seta- 

 line a. 



Nephridial openings large in seta-line d. 



The colour of this species of earthworm is very widely 

 variable. Most specimens in the living condition were bright 

 pink with milk-white or olive-green on the posterior one- 

 third of the body. Occasionally the pink was replaced by 

 a pale violet or saffron-yellow with the same colour-mark- 

 ings as in the first case. In the preserved specimens the 

 pink and white entirely fade, but traces of the other colours 

 are retained. 



Internal Anatomy . — In the larger worms the skin, specially 

 in the preclitellar and hinder regions of the body, is very 

 thick and is almost leathery, due to the development of the 

 muscles and a peculiar form of connective-tissue fibres. In 

 the macerated stained preparations of the skin, some of 

 these fibres which lie above the circular muscles possess a 

 beaded structure, showing their multicellular origin. Others 



