Mesopotamia and N. W. Persia. 593 



jjersephone, it may be as well to meution that uot only, as 

 its name implies, does it lack the white veiniiig of the 

 underside of the hiudwing, but also its genitalia differ from 

 those o( persephone, and it has across the bases of areas lb 

 (part) to 3 offorewing above in the male a piomineut black 

 sex-mark. 



These seem sufficiently good grounds for maintaining it 

 as a good species. 



6. EpinepheU telmessia pallescens, Butler. 



Upi7iephele pallescens, Butler, Cat. Sat. B.M. p. 65 (1868). 



U. telmessia var. oreas, Le Cerf, Aun. d'llist. Nat. ii. (2) p. 46 (1913). 



N.W. Persia, Karind Gorge, 13. 7. 18, 2 ? ; Paitak, 

 6. 3. 18, 1 ? ; Harir, 10. 8. 18, 1 ? . 



There seems little doubt that Le Cerf unfortunately over- 

 looked Butler's description oi pallescens, and that his oreas 

 is the same thing. 



7. Epinephele lupinus centralis, subsp. ii. 



15 c?, 15 ?, from Kizil-Robut, Jebel Hauiriu ; Sulei- 

 manyeh, Kermanshali, llarir, and Karind, iv., v., vi., vii., 

 viii.,"& ix. 1918 & 1919. 



Staudinger's description of " E. li/caon var. intermedia " 

 runs as follows: — "The almost universally common species 

 E. lijcaon is a species very variable as to size, nature of iiair- 

 scales, colour, etc. The large exami)les from 8.E. Europe 

 Avith the forewing in the male more lightly covered with 

 long hairs was described long ago as var. lupinus, Costa. In 

 the lower-lying (hotter) districts of Asia and Asia Minor as 

 well as in S. Russia (according to Alpheraky) an inter- 

 mediate form occurs which I call intermedia. Specimens 

 are much larger than typical German lijcaon and almost as 

 densely hairy as the still larger lupinus, but darker and mostly 

 Avith a broader (shorter) androconial stripe (or^ rather, patch) 

 on the forewing. Also on the underside of the hindwing 

 they are almost always much lighter (more greyish-white) 

 than lycaon, especially examples from Samarkhand, almost 

 like typical lupinus. I have this var. intermedia 'from 

 Samarkhand, Margelan ; also one specimen each from 

 Saison and Lepsa (presumably taken in other hotter dis- 

 tricts) I must include with them. In the same way 

 examples from Amasia and Achal Tekke District would be 

 best included here, although the Amasia spcciuiens arc 

 darker on the underside." 



Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 9. Vol. viii. 38 



