1908.] ROUTES TRAVERSED MACKENZIE. 117 



northeastern shores stands a range of hills upward of 800 feet high, 

 rounded, rocky, and sparsely forested. Leaving this lake Ave de- 

 scended several slight riffles and paddled through a wide channel 

 with a scarcely perceptible current. Its shores at first were swampy, 

 but farther on its southern shore became higher and was well wooded. 

 A long, narrow lake succeeded, at whose foot we had to portage every- 

 thing about half a mile on the west side of the stream past a rapid. 

 The trail, which was fairly well marked, passed over several low, 

 rocky ridges and through some fine groves of white spruce and 

 Banksian pine. The trail mostly avoided the river, but the part of 

 the river we saw consisted of a succession of foaming cascades. We 

 encamped at the low T er end of the rapid, on the shores of a small rock- 

 bound lake. 



On August 20 we paddled through the lake, which proved to be 

 about a mile long. At its outlet another half-mile series of rapids 

 was encountered and another portage made on the left side of the 

 river. It led over ground which was similar to that passed on the 

 previous portage. From here we passed through a small lake and 

 then for a mile or two followed a narrow stream, here and there 

 expanded into a broad channel with little current, until it fell into 

 a large lake. The part where we entered was about 4 miles in length 

 and was much broken up by islands. We then passed through a 

 narrow part with a considerable current into the main part of the 

 lake, which proved to be of large extent. We encamped on its eastern 

 shore after going a few miles. 



On August 21 Ave started with a fair wind and, turning toward 

 the nortliAvest and rounding a point, sailed nortliAvard up the lake. 

 During the forenoon Ave passed on our left a large island several 

 miles in length, on which Avas a mountain apparently about 800 feet 

 high. From here Ave sailed until the middle of the afternoon on a 

 general northerly course. The shores of the lake were mainly low 

 and swampy, but had many gneissic outcrops. In the afternoon Ave 

 encountered a point or large island extending east and west across 

 our path. It was occupied by three rugged, sparsely wooded peaks 

 TOO or 800 feet high, the most easterly being the highest. The range 

 apparently formed a part of the eastern shore. A broad channel 

 lying south of and parallel to the range was divided by a long, high, 

 and narrow island. AVe entered the narrower, southern arm of this 

 channel and followed it for 3 or 4 miles, then turned southward 

 through a narrow strait and entered a rounded expansion a mile or 

 so in extent. This Ave crossed in a westerly direction and from a 

 small bay made a portage of about 100 yards into another bay at the 

 same level. This Avas the first time we had been out of sight of direct 

 water connection since reaching Lake Seguin on August 14, and the 

 Indians assured us that in this case the portage merely connected 



