1908.] TREES AND SI i HUBS. 523 



31, 1903. It was the most abundant willow along that shore, and at 

 that date its foliage had already turned, and imparted a brilliant 

 3^ellow color to the half barren rocky areas. 



Specimens collected near Lake St. Croix on August L9, 1903, are 

 referred by Rydberg to S. g. glabescens. 



Salix niphoclada Rydberg. 



Our collection contains specimens referred by P. A. Rydberg to 

 this species from Fort Resolution and Fort Good Hope. At the 

 latter place it was abundant, and on June 23, 1904, had leaves only 

 about half an inch in length. 



Salix reticulata Linn. Net-veined Willow. 



This dwarf willow was common along the southern shore of Great 

 Bear Lake and covered the gently sloping banks of Bear River for a 

 few miles below its head. On August 31, 1903, near Leith Point, the 

 fruiting catkins were just bursting their capsules. It has an exten- 

 sive distribution southward along the high mountains. 



Myrica gale Linn. Sweet Gale. 



This shrub occurs in suitable places throughout the region north 

 to Great Bear Lake. It was abundant on river banks on the canoe 

 route north of Great Slave Lake. On the southern shores of Great 

 Bear Lake it occurs in a somewhat dwarfed state, with small leaves. 



Corylus americana Walt. Hazelnut. 



This hazel is common on the road a few miles south of Athabaska 

 Landing. This is its northern limit, as far as we observed. 



Corylus rostrata Ait. Beaked Hazelnut. 



The beaked hazel was noted along the roadside south of Athabaska 

 Landing and at various points along the Athabaska down to the 

 mouth of the Clearwater, where it is a common shrub. Its nuts were 

 nearly ripe about the middle of August. 



Betula papyrifera Marsh. Canoe Birch. 



The canoe birch is a common tree throughout the wooded region. 

 It reaches its perfection in the southern part of the country and 

 northward gradually decreases in size. On the canoe route north 

 of Fort Rae it was found to be common, reaching a diameter of nearly 

 1 foot as far north as Lake St. Croix. A tree 5 inches in diameter 

 examined near that lake had 65 annual ring--. Another specimen 1 : , 

 inches in diameter, on the shores of Lake Hardisty, had been grow- 

 ing twenty-five years, and one three-fourths of an inch thick was 15 

 years old. Along the southern shores of Great Bear Lake it occurs 

 only in a somewhat dwarfed state, but it reappears as a fair-sized 

 tree on Bear River. Along the Mackenzie it occurs as an economically 



