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MEMOIKS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



Its relations to the Cossidic, including the Zeuzerina', remain still to be elaborated; tliey are 

 rather close, yet the Tortricoid affinities are very ai)i)arent, and need liutlier examination. The 

 pajju of Zi'iccra pyrina (fig. 40) is of the same cliaracter as in Prionoxystus, but the maxillary 

 paljii are larger, the lateral \y<\\\ii niore reduced, while the cell-breaker is very long, being niuch 

 more developed. 



Fig. 3!) shows the front of the head and maxilhe of the Oossid, Prionoxi/stHf: robiuia; which is 

 more Tortricid than Hepialid; j>., paraclypeal pieces; mjc. p., maxillary palpi; /., labial palpi; 

 W.V., maxilla". Fig. 40 represents the head and end of the l)ody()f Zeiizcra 2>y>'iiKi- 



Iii'iiiarkfs on the Cocltiiojjudidiv. — Chapman removes tliis gronj) from 

 the Bombyces after a study of their larval and pupal characters. We 

 shonld, after studying the pupa- of five or six genera, agree with his 

 suggestion that this and the family ^legalopygida' (Lagoi(he) slionld be 

 removed from the Bombyces and placed near the Tineoids, from wliich 

 they have undoubtedly descended. Tlnit the line of descent, however, 

 was directly, as Chapman suggests, from the Eriocephalida' seems to us 

 a matter of doubt. The larva' of the Cochliopodids present some 

 notable differences from that of Erioeephala, whose so-called "eight 

 pairs of abdominal legs" appear to be merely spine-bearing tubercles. 

 Although the head of Erioeephala is partially retractile, this adaptation 

 may have no i)hylogenetic significance. 



Fig. 35 represents the front of the head of Para.sa chloris, showing 

 the maxillary palpi, and a lateral process (p ) connected with it, which 



I have not seen in anj' other pupa', and 

 may be internal. I have also observed 

 it in the cast pupal skin of TortrUidea 

 testacea. The maxilhe are either shorter 

 or no longer than the large labial palpi. 

 The paraclypeal tubercles are well devel- 

 oped in this group. If we compai-e the 

 hea<l of the puna of I'arasa and of other 

 genera, especially Limacodes and Iletero- 

 genea, with that of Tinea, there will be 

 observed a close resemblance, especially 

 in the maxilla', maxillary palpi, and labial 

 palpi, indicating the more or less direct 

 descent of the family from some tineid 

 form, perhaps an extinct ally of Nepticula, 

 since Cliapman s])ealvs of "a resemblance 

 that is almost identity in the pupa" of Nejjticula as compared with that of Linnicodes. 



liemarls on the Meyalopi/nida: — The genus iIcgalo])yge (Lagoa) is remarkable for the shape of 

 the pupa, which is somewhat as in Cochliopodida', confirming the view that the two families are 

 allied, though still presenting some notable differences in larval characters. Fig. 30 represents the 

 pajtal features as seen in the front of the head of a Megalopyge from Florida (probably J7.cri.s;;>«/(( 

 ov opercKhinn). The maxilhii seem to be aborted; on each side of the secoinl maxillary (labial) 

 palpi, under the eye, are the first maxillary ])alpi, whose structure needs further examination. 



Very dilferent is the head of an allied Mexican species, Lagoa supcrba (fig. 37), in which the 

 second maxilhe (labium) are well marked, though the palpi are only represented by two short 

 lobes. Ilere the maxilhe arc present, and the maxillary palpi are represented by a large lateral 

 irregular round piece. 



The next series of families begins with the Tortricida; from which may have desceinlcd the 

 Cossida-. As will be seen by c()m|)aring fig. 38 of the pupa of Torlri.v rilryaiia with that of the 

 Cossidie (fig. 30, head and moutii parts of the [)iii)a of Prionoxystus roltinia'), Dr. Chaimian's 

 opinion that Cossus has "no character at any stage to distinguish it from Tortrices" is well 

 sustained. The pupal characters of Zcnzera pyrina (tig. 40) also show that it liehrngs to the same 



nil 



Fig. 38 Pupil of Tiii-trlz rilei/aiM, S ; A, J, eml of biuly, with crt'muster. 



