86 



MEMOIES OK TllK NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



It may be remaikeil that Spiiler agrees with Brauer and Ketlteiibacher, as well as Ilaase, that 

 Adoljili's system of convex and concave veins is entirely erroneous. 



We adoi)t, tiien, Spuler's system of venation, and earnestly trust tliat it may be generally 

 accejited as simple, iutelligible, and applicable to all orders of insects, based as it is on 

 ontogenetic, as well as anatomical, gronmls. 



The following system ai)|>lies to the Lei)idoptera as well as all other orders. Fig. 52 

 represents the venation of a Notodontiau (llctcrocampa oblitiua). We merely deviate, from 

 motives of couvenieuee and for the sake of uniformity, from Spuler's numeration of the two anal 

 veins, by numbering them VI ami VII, instead of designating them by the Greek letters « /3. 



Fig. 52. — Vfuation of Heterocampa obliqiui; the namos of (lie veins as (losi^^naicd below; d, 

 anterior; d', posterior discal vein ; /, frenulum ; tc. subeostal rell. 



The following table will show the numbers and names of the Hve veins of the outspread 

 portion of the wing and two (rarely three) of the fan like or inner i)orti()n. Instead of denoting 

 the veins by the noun and adjective as, for exainide, the median vein, we may, with Comstock, 

 call it in descriptions or diagnoses, niniia, or refer to it as Vein III. 



I. Costa. V. First anal (subiiiediaii). 



II. Subcosta (radius). VI. Second anal (internal). 



III. Media. . VII. Tliird anal. 



IV. Cubitus (median vein of some autliors). 



Miiller, Fritz, Beitrlige znr Keniitiiiss der Termitou. .loiiaiscli. ZeiUchr. f. N:itiii\v., 1875. 



llrauer, F. Ansicliteii iiber die paliiozoischeu IiisuktiMi uiid dercii ULMitniij;. Aiinnl K. K. iintnili. Hdfiiius. 

 Wien, i, i>p. 86-126. 2 PI. 1886. 



Itedtcnbacher, Joseph. Vcrglcichfiide Stiidien iiber das Fliigelgeiider der lus'^ctcn. {Aunalcji dcs K. K. Natiirh. 

 Hofmus., I!d. i, pp. 1.5S-L'31.) 12 I'ls. Wien, imi. Abstr. l).v ,1. II. Com.stocli in Aiiier. Nut., xxi, i>p. !)32-;«4. 1887. 



Iliaiiir, /•'., II. Haitcnhacher, J. Eiii Beitr.ig znr Entwiekliuig dcs I'"lii{relgi'iidi-rs der Insekten. Zonl. Anz., 1888, 

 pp. M:i-l.|7. 



IIkusv, Erich. Znr I'.ntwicklnni; di'r Fliigelriiipcn der .Seliin(^tt('rlinge. Zool. Auz., xiv, 18!U. ])p. 116-117. 



Spiihr, A. Znr I'livlcigenic iind (Intogi'nie des Fliigelgcliders der Sebiuetterliiige. Zeits. wi.s8ens. Zoologio, liii, 

 pp. 597-646. 2 I'l. 18ii2. 



Comatock, J. H. Kvolntion and Taxononiv, etc. Ithaca, X. Y. l>!t.3. 



