MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 191 



Last stivje. — ilr. Dyar lias quite fully described this stage, but there are some structural 

 features to which wt' would call attention. The head is distinctly bilobed, with no warts, but a 

 bristle on each side of the vertex. The markings of the head have been well described by Mr. 

 Dyar. From the first abdoiuiual segment arises a large, double tubercle, undoubtedly movable as 

 in Sehiznra, and serving to frighten away parasitic insects. From the Immp arise two dark, 

 smooth tubercles, which are directed forward and give rise each to a bristle. 



Ou the eighth abdominal segment, where the spiracles are nearly tw'ice as large as the others 

 on the abdomen, is a decided hump, bearing two small, piliferous warts. The anal legs and end 

 o-f the body are much as in Schizura, being raised at times. 



The larva closely approaches those of the species of Schizura, having essentially the same 

 style of coloration and the same arrangement of terrifying humps and tubercles, but not the 

 peculiar V-shaped dorsal marks of Schizura. The markings of the nu)ths are quite diiferent, and 

 while the two genera are (piite distinct, they are more closely allied than any other two genera. 



1 add the description drawn up from examples observed in Providence: 



Head not very large, not so wide as the protlioracic segment; pale, almost whitish ash-gray; 

 an irregular dark ash band ou each side in front passing up from the mandibles and meeting on 

 the \ertex, where a branch is sent out at right angles, uniting with its fellow in the median line 

 of the head; no median line above the apex of the vertex, but two spurs are sent out above the 

 vertex from each side, which nearly reach the median line of the head, and inclose a clear round 

 space. Prothoracic segment pea green on each side above the spiracle. Meso- and metathoracic 

 segments bright deep pea-green, bordered with reddish below; a long, narrow, triangular dorsal 

 light-brown baud, slightly forked on the prothoracic segment, extends from the head to near the 

 base of the large dorsal tubercle ou first abdominal segment; this tubercle is sensitive and' 

 retractile as in the other species of this subfamily; it is large but not forked, the end being very 

 slightly cleft, blackish in the middle, and each small terminal wart has a dark hair which is bent 

 downward and forward. First to third abdominal segments pale gray and reddish brown, the first 

 less marbled and watered with gray than the second and third; the back of the fourth to ninth 

 segments clear deep pea-greeu, with a round sinus in front on the fourth segment, and ou the sixth 

 and front edge of seventh inclosing a watered, gray, elongated, irregular patch. On the eighth 

 segment a small dorsal tubercle tinted with brown; the eighth spiracle much larger and more 

 conspicuous than the others; arouml the seventh pair of spiracles are clear white patches. The- 

 abdominal legs 1 to -1 are thick and fleshy, with a reddish brown circular line incomplete above; 

 anal legs small and slender, about one-third as large as the others. Length, oo mm. 



Pupa. — Body short and thick; "minutely but sparsely i)uncture(l. At the posterior edge of 

 the thorax is a row of granular square elevations, extending across in a curved line between the 

 wing cases.'' (Dyar). Tiii of abdomen nuusually blunt; cremaster partly rudimentary, not 

 projecting beyond the tip, and consisting of two widely separate, flattened, S(iuarish spines,. 

 terminating in two small spines. Length, 18 mm. 



Cocoon. — "Tough and parchment-like, semitransparent, similar to that of Schkura unicornis. 

 After forming its cocoon, the larva fades to. a nearly uniform whitish color, and the change to- 

 pupa does not occur till about a mouth before the emergence of the inmgo in the spring." (Dyar.) 



Habits. — The caterpillar of this moth occurs on the oak at Providence from the middle to the 

 last of September. The larva is very characteristic and allied to those of Schizura. In Professor- 

 Riley's collection are the regularly oval, thick, earthen cocoons lined with silk, and about three- 

 fourths of an inch in length, the caterpillar transforming on the surface or within the earth. 



Riley records finding larvse in March, and from July to September, and the moths as flying iu 

 March, Ajiril, May, June, July, and August. 



Food plant. — Different si)ecies of oak; on beech in September, Brunswick, Me. ; New York, 

 white birch (Dyar). 



(leo(jraphic(tl dislrilmtion. — Brunswick, Me. (Packard); Franconia, N. II. (Mrs. Slosson); 

 Caud)ri(lge, ^lass., (Hyatt); Provideuce, R. I. (Packard); Lansing, Mich. (Miles); Eastern New 

 York, (Dyar) ; Plat:tsburg, N. Y. (Hudson) ; St. Anthony Park, Minn. (Lugger) ; Georgia, (Edwards) ; 

 Nebraska (Bruner); Volga, S. Dak. (Truman, larvse on oak); New York, Pennsylvania, Arkansas 

 (Palm); Maine, New York, Nebraska, Missouri, District of Columbia, Georgia, and Texas (U. S. 



