264 MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



Cocoon. — ^lorc dense and perfect than usual in other Notodontians; elliitticMl, liard, and 

 dense, Hattened, the edges broad and tliin, surface above well rounded; closely reseuililing- an 

 excrescence on the bark of trees. 



Phjhi. — Body cylindrical, tapering at each end. "Eyes prominent, a narrow carinated ridge 

 runs along the head from between the eyes to back of the ])lace of ori.uin of the antenna!" (Dyar). 

 End of the body rounded and obtuse; cremaster not prominent, and with no traces of a spine or 

 hooks, since the cocoou is so dense and perfect that the pupa can not fall out or be easily disturbed. 



" Pupation occurs in about two weeks after the completion of the cocoon, and the insects 

 remain in tliis stage throughout the winter." (Dyar, Psyche, v, p. .'?!).■».) 



Geographical distribution. — The species of this genus are to be found in the Old and New 

 ■worlds; but two occur in India, however, and the two Brazilian species are doubtfully referred 

 to Cerura by Walker. 



In North America it ranges throughout the entire continent north of Mexico, excluding the 

 arctic region, iucludiug the cold temperate subregion and warm temperate subregion and the 

 humid provinces of the latter, and is represented by one species {cinerea ? Druce) in the Mexican 

 subprovince, and also in Guatemala. Its extreme northern and northwestern range is not yet 

 ■well known. Walker describes a form, perhaps V. occidentulis, as a variety of G. bifida, from St.. 

 Martins Falls, Albany River, Hudson Bay. 



SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. 



A. Fore wiugs narrow, outer edge very oblique; cUscal mark a black dot. 



Median black band very irregular ou each side, rndely hour-glass shaped; extrabasilar line consisting 

 of four dots ; no extradiscal lines C. barealis 



Median black band broad, distinctly and evenly edged on each side with black; extrabasilar line of 

 live dots ; a distinct white broad scalloped extradiscal line C. occiihn talis 



Median band usually narrow, much contracted or obsolete in the middle; three extradiscal scalloped 

 dark 1 incs C. nvoJopendrina 



Like scolopendrina, but the baud and lines faded out; thorax all gray, and body and wings whitish gray. 



C. ciiitrea 



B. Fore wings broad, outer edge inclined to be less oblifine; discal mark a ringlet. 



Fori wings with no median dark band, l)Ut crossed by nine dark scalloped lines, tUc third and fourth 

 uniting to form a series of ringlets ; hind wings often dusky ; thorax wliite, with transverse black 

 lines f^. ecithcripta 



SVXOPSIS OF TIIF KNOWN I..VUV.E. 



With longer cervical shield and shorter horns in Stage III than in the corresponding stage of hoicalin, 



C. occidentalis 

 Diliers from maltiscripta in that the dorsal rcd<lish patch in the middle of the body does not descend so far 



down on the side C. hoiralia 



Differs from C. horealis ;md oceideiilalls in the less connected and narrower dorsal lilac red patches, and in 



the end of the suranal plate being scjuarer tliau that of C. occidentalis ('. cinerea 



Like horealis but paler, more ]>urplish, and dorsal hump distinct C. sciliscripla 



Cerura borealis lioisduval. 



d'l. VI, tigs. 10, 11, IL'.) 



Dicranoura barealin Boisd., Guerin. Icon. Regne Animal, t. 88, fig. 5, 1829, p. 519, 1814. 



Griffith's Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, xv, 1832. PI. XXXII, fig. 5, 5a, larva. (Xo description.) 

 Cerura ftoren/is Morris, Syn.Lep. N. Amor., p. 238, 1862. 



Pack., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., iii, p. 375, 1864. 



Lintner, Rep. N. Y. State Museum, xxx, ]). 196 (84), June, 1878. 



Grotc, New Cheek List N. Amer. Moths, p. 20, 1882. 



Smith, List Lej). l?or. Amer., p. 31, 1891. 



Kirby, Syn. Cat. Lep., i, p. 588, 1892. 



Nenm. and Dy.'ir, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, xxi, p. 189, 1894; .lonrn. N. Y. Ent. Soc, ii, p. 114,, 

 Sept., 1894. 



