16 WHAT ARE THE CONDITIONS WHICH DETERMINE, ETC. 



Locality interests should mainly be determined by the 

 following circumstances : — 



Desiderata, or Principles. 



1. The interests of the principal industries carried on 



within the district are not of a conflictiDg character, 

 i.e., they are mainly Agricultural, Pastoral, Mineral, 

 or Industrial, as the case may be. 



2. The main channels of communication by Road or Eail 



are common to the particular sub-divisions contained 

 therein. 



3. The minor or Road Districts included within the 



district are so far harmonious that they meet in 

 common in the trunk system of the particular 

 Electoral District. 



4. The centre or centres for the administration of justice, 



law, protection, and registration within the district 

 are more convenient to all its sub-divisions than to 

 the corresponding centres of neighbouring Electoral 

 Districts, allowance being made as regards the 

 borderlands, especially of Rural Districts and Urban 

 Districts, where it must ever happen that the 

 inhabitants of a Rural District Boundary touching 

 an Urban District Boundary are nearer, or as near, 

 to the Urban centres than to those of their own. 



These are the principal conditions wbich determine the 

 nature of an ideally perfect electoral district based upon 

 locality interests. 



The conditions which are demanded by representation on 

 tlie basis of population are, that every electoral district 

 shall, as nearly as possible, contfiin one quota of the total 

 population, or in exceptionally populous geographically undi- 

 Tided districts two or more comjplete quotas ! 



But the density of population of many large distinct 

 geographical areas is so small that it would require to unite 

 as many of them as would cover an area of 3,280 square 

 miles (Franklin) to enable us to satisfy the claims of fairness 

 of representation on the basis of numbers, that is, one quota 

 of the total population ; while others (Hobart city) are so 

 dense that 1"98 square miles embraces as many jDersous as 

 would fairly constitute seven complete quotas. But how are 

 we to reconcile two rival claims for distinct representation, 

 one of which we may call the geographical unit, is rigidly 

 fixed for all time, and the other— the population unit — which 



