BY R. M. JOHNSTON, F.L.S. 89 
torily established in the Australian Alps, yet further evidence 
is desirable as to the synchronism of the glacier period in 
Australia with that of the glacial epoch in the Northern 
Hemisphere.” 
So far as the higher levels of the alpine regions of Aus- 
tralia are concerned, the observations of Dr. von Lendenfeld, 
Mr. Stirling, and other observers leave us in little doubt as 
to the genuineness of the evidences of glacial action, aad of 
weir occurrence at a comparatively recent date ; although 
there is no proof of the date of the occurrence ag being co- 
incidental with the glacial period of Northern Europe. Nor 
is there here any evidence which compel us to infer such 
refrigeration of climate as would in such a low latitude 
(36° 40°) cause glaciers to descend below the 2,000 feet level 
above the sea. It is true thit certain conglomerates bearing 
the marks of ice action have recently been discovered in 
Victoria by Messrs. Graham, Officer, and Lewis Balfour as 
low as 750 feet above sea level, but these undoubtedly striated 
boulders, apart from other objections, are so similar in 
character and so intimately associated in regions of recent 
igneous disturbance with the well-known glaciated con- 
glomerates of Permo-Carboniferous age, which will be referred 
to hereafter, that I cannot at present see my way clear to 
accept the conclusions of Messrs. Officer and Balfour, ye 
recognise some of the deposits as a true boulder ill, ‘ 
moraine-profonde, formed by severe glacial action agaae 
“eocene times,” and inferred by them to be quite distinct 
from the earlier glacial deposits associated with them of 
Permo-Carboniferous age, and from the ice erratics and 
moraines of the Australian Alps, which they ascribe to a mild 
glacial period during the pleistocene age. J freely admit that 
the appearance of some of the deposits so lucidly and ably 
described by Messrs. Officer and Balfour, especially the deposits 
on the Korkuperrimal (fig. 3) seem to justify the conclu- 
Sions arrived at by them; but, what about the similarity of 
the striated and polished blocks and stones so huddled to- 
gether in dislocations or fractures of the underlying sand- 
stone to the adjacent and almost contiguous to the ice-borne 
conglomerates of permo-carboniferous age; the “ peli-mell 
accumulation” of angular and rounded block; the broken 
and disintegrated clays or shales; the “ unless blocks of 
Sandstone in every conceivable position ” ; the underlying 
“broken and shattered sandstones”; and the association with 
the more recently erupted basaltic sheet ? 
- Do not these cumulative evidences, taken together with the 
latitude and low altitude, rather tend to prove ‘that the rocks, 
including the older glacial conglomerates immediately under- 
lying the basaltic sheet, have been broken up, dislocated, and 
G 
