BY R. M. JOHNSTON, F.LS. 107 
foreign to the localities in which they are found. The larger 
érratics, composed of granite or quartzite, generally occur 
singly, and appear as if they had been quietly dropped upon 
the soft muddy floor from floating ice. The polished sides of 
many of them plainly indicate ice action, and certainly the 
huge single granite and quartzite blocks found at Beltana, 
One Tree Point, Bruni, Bedlam Walls, and Maria Island, 
weighing respectively from half a ton to over a ton, could not 
have been transported to their present position in the original 
soft muddy bottom of the ancient and comparatively shallow 
sea floor, except by the agency of floating ice. Although 
here no favourable conditions occur for tracing fine markings 
of strie or groovings, the cumulative evidence, otherwise, is 
certainly conclusive in referring the transport of these con- 
glomerate and huge erratics to ice agency. 
The mudstone beds in which the erratics occur are now 
everywhere cross-jointed in the most curious fashion. 
At Eaglehawk Neck, at a place famously known to the 
curious sight-seer as the ‘“ Tesselated Pavement,” the wonder- 
ful regularity of the cross-jointing is marvellously perfect. It 
is curious to observe that, whether the jointing be perfect or 
irregular, they cut through small, hard, polished pebbles or 
quartz blocks as though they formed a perfectly homogeneous 
substance with the now hardened mudstone matrix. In the 
large granite erratic, over half a ton weight, on the shore at 
Beltana, several joints, some fine as a hair, others coarse, con- 
tinuous with those of the mudstone, meet and intersect in the 
solid grey granite and divide it as completely as in similar 
cross jointings in the now homogeneous, hard, and siliceous 
mud rock itselt. This feature of the cross-jointing is con- 
stant everywhere in the planes in which the erratics occur. 
It is possible that some of the thick conglomerate beds 
occurring in the vicinity of Mount Tyndall, Mount Lyell, and 
Mount Owez, in which marks of ice action are reported to 
have been recently discovered by Messrs. Dunn and Moore, 
may yet prove to belong to the same horizon. 
Australia.—W hat is known among Australian geologists as 
the “glacial conglomerates” of Victoria, and occurring at 
Bacchus Marsh, Wild Duck, and in other places in Victoria, are 
the best evidences in Australasia of glacial action on a large 
scale in rocks deposited towards the close of the Permo-Carbont- 
ferous age. It is now about 27 years ago since these ice-borneé 
conglomerates were first referred to this mode of origin by 
Sir R. Daintree, whose view of their mode of origin was soon 
after confirmed by Dr, A. R.C. Selwyn. R. D. Oldham, in 
the year 1886, further confirmed'the conclusions of Dain- 
tree and Selwyn, and correlated the deposits with similar 
glacial phenomena occurring in the Newcastle beds, New 
