330 Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society. 
In 1888 ten specimens only were known of as existing in 
museums—seven in this country, two in Germany, and one 
in the United States. 
Sclater gives as its authenticated range Victoria, Adelie, 
and Wilkes’ Lands, and seems to express some doubt as 
to whether it ever inhabited South Georgia. He then 
describes the specific differences between this bird and the 
King Penguin, Aptenodytes Pennantii, comparing them both 
as to external characters and as to skeleton, and concludes 
by saying, “If the skeletons of the two species were only 
known as fossils, they might well have been referred to 
different genera.” Several naturalists—among them Milne 
Edwards—seem inclined to minimise the specific differences 
between the two. 
Six skins were brought home by our expedition, five of 
them in good plumage, the sixth, a young one, in imperfect 
plumage. In addition to these, one complete and one partial 
skeleton were obtained. 
The great strength of these birds can scarcely be credited. 
Mr Bruce, of the “ Balena,” vividly describes the capture of 
their largest specimen, which they took on board alive, the 
skin of which is now in the Edinburgh Museum of Science 
and Art. Five men attempted to hold the bird down on the 
ice, but were quite incapable of doing so, and got thrown 
about like so many nine-pins. Eventually they got two 
leather belts strapped round him, and standing back, took a 
breath. So did the penguin, and burst the belts. A stout 
rope was then fastened round him, his legs, flippers, and neck 
being all tied together. In spite of this he again got loose 
in the small boat. On being taken on board, he nearly 
stunned the ship’s dog by a blow with his flipper. The skin 
measures 4 ft. 10 ins. in length. The bird itself weighed 
74 lbs. A specimen which I had on board the “ Active” 
weighed 60 lbs., and measured 45 ins. in vertical height as it 
would have stood in the erect position. Its" greatest circum- 
ference was 37} ins., and the length from tip to tip of the 
flippers 364 ins. 
Captain Larsen, of the s.s. “ Jasen,” sealer, reports that he 
saw very large penguins in the water and on the ice in great 
