154 Proceedings of the Boyal Physical Society. 



fir-trees at an angle of the second moat. The bh^ds are in 

 thousands, and the noise of their croaking can be heard a 

 quarter of a mile off as they come in crowds in the evening 

 to roost. The greater number go out to sea daily to fish. 

 They are not at all early birds, as I noticed that they gener- 

 ally left the town for the fishing grounds between eight and 

 nine o'clock in the morning, returning about sunset, always 

 flying in a string, or wedge, like geese. I imagine, however, 

 that the state of the tide influences in some measure their 

 time of leaving and returning. Several smaller colonies exist 

 in various situations within the city, and numbers of the 

 birds remain fishing in the moats and canals all day, being 

 probably too lazy to accompany the crowd on the longer 

 excursion to the sea. I have often seen them diving and 

 coming up within reach of a stick from the bank of a canal 

 where a stream of vehicles and people was passing. The 

 natives tame them and use them for fishing. 



Sea-Gull {Larus melammts), Temm. and Schl., Faun. 

 Jap., p. 103, pi. 61. 



Sea-Gull {Larus ichthyaetus), Pall. 



Sea-Gull {Larus hrunneicepJialus). 



Sea-Gull {Lamis occidentalis), Aud. 



Sea-Gull {Larus niveus), Pall. 



I have seen numbers of sea-gulls of the foregoing species 

 frequenting the bay of Yedo. Though not actually in posses- 

 sion of specimens, they could be sufficiently recognised by 

 the description of the various authors who have recorded the 

 occurrence of these gulls in Japanese waters. 



IV. Ornithological Notes: (1.) Astur palumbarius, Goshawk; 

 (2.) Sitta Europoea, iV'?6^Aai5cA; (3.) Hyhrid- Pheasant {'^) 

 hetween Golden and Common Pheasants; (4.) Mergus 

 albellus. Smew; (5.) Larus Glaucus, Glaucous Gull. 

 (Specimens exhibited.) By John Alexander Smith, 

 M.D. 



(1.) Astur pahwihctrius, the Goshawk. — This very fine 

 specimen of a large adult female was shot on the 26th of 



