On Spores in the Carloniferous Formation of Scotland. 83 



longibracteatits} to which plant the spores he described and 

 figured belonged, " thecce ( = macrospores) reniform, minutely 

 tuberculated. . . ." " The capsules ( = macrospores) of 

 this species, neither bituminised nor mineralised, but in a 

 state of brown vegetable matter, are very abundant in some 

 of the coarser sandstones of the Coal Measures." 



In 1848, Goppert figures and describes some macrospores 

 under the name of Garpolithes coniformis? 



C. Feistmantel,^ though cognisant of the spore nature of 

 Carpolithes coniformis, figures and describes under this name 

 masses of macrospores, evidently occurring very much in the 

 same manner as those in many of our coal seams, as at 

 AVhitehill Colliery, Eosewell; TuUygarth, Clackmannan; 

 Fordel, Fife ; and Kilwinning, Ayrshire, etc. 



When thin sections of these spore-coals are e:xamined 

 under the microscope, it is found in almost all cases that the 

 matrix in which the macrospores are embedded is composed 

 in great part of microspores. 



Hooker, who was the first to describe the internal structure 

 of Lepidostrohi, figures several specimens of these cones show- 

 ing sporangia containing such microspores. His specimens, 

 however, were very fragmentary, and he was unsuccessful in 

 discovering any portions of Lepidostroli exhibiting macro- 

 spores.^ 



The occurrence of macrospores in Lepidodendroid cones 

 was, as already mentioned, observed by Professor Morris in 

 1840. The next note of a similar discovery is in a paper 

 contributed by Mr Carruthers to the Geological Magazine in 



1 Morris in Prestwick, "On the Geology of Coalbrook Dale " — Trans. Geol. 

 Soc. London, 2d ser., vol. v., explanation to PI. XXXVlIl., 1840. Lepiclo- 

 dendron longihracteatus is probably referable to Lep. Stcriibergii, a species that 

 is common in the nodules at Coalbrook Dale. 



2 Preisschrift, Naturkundige Verhandelingen van de Hollandsche Maat- 

 schappij der Wetenschappen te Haarlem, PL VII., Fig. 17. 



•^ Der Hangendflotzzug in Schlan-Rakonitzer Steinkohlenbecken, p. 99, 

 PL VI., Fig. 4, 1881 (Archiv. d. Naturw. Landesdurchforschungvon Bohmen, 

 IV. Band, Nro. 6, Geologische Abtheil). 



^ Remarks on the Structure and Affinities of some Lepidostrohi— Mem. of 

 the Geol. Survey of Great Britain, vol. ii., part ii., p. 440, Pis. III.-X., 

 1848. 



