Influence of Environment upon the Organism. 475 



45. Frommann, K. Untersuchungen iiber Struktur, Lebens- 

 erscheinungen mid Reaktionen thierischer imd 

 pflanzlicher Zellen. Jen. Zeitschr. f. Naturvv., 

 Bd. xvii., 1884. Also separately, pp. 34-36, 3 pis. 



Important observations on chemical and other influences 

 brought to bear upon animal and vegetable cells. 



45a. Geddes, p. Restatement of the Cell-Theory. P. R. Soc, 

 Edinb., 1883. 



.46. GrabeEj V. Vergleichende Grundversnche iiber die Wirkung 

 und die Aufnahmestellen chemischer Reize bei 

 Thieren. Biol. Centralbl, v. (1885), pp. 385-398, 

 449-459, 481-489. 



47. Gratacap. American Naturalist, xvi., 1882. 



Increased oxygen makes insects for a while restless and 

 saltatory. 



48. Hertwio, 0. and R. Ueber den Befruchtungs-undTheilnngs- 



vorgang des thierischer Eies unter dem Einfluss 

 aiisserer Agentien. Jen. Zeitschr. f. Naturwiss., xx. 

 (1887), pp. 120-241, 477-510, 5 pis. 

 Influence of chemical, thermal, and mechanical agencies on — 



(1. ) fertilisation ; (2. ) internal phenomena of fertilisation ; 



(:?.) segmentation. 



48a. . Experimentelle Untersuchimgen iiber Be- 



fruchtung. Anat. Anz., i., pp. 11-16. 



Inter alia eff'ect of chloral hydrate on fertilisation. 



49. Kohl. Die Transpiration der Pflaiizen. Braunschweig, 



1886. 

 Dry air — on Tropseolum leaves, thick cuticle, much collen- 

 chyma ; moist air — little cuticle, no coUenchyma. 



50. Krukenberg, C. F. W. Die Beeinflussung des Salzgehaltes 



der lebenden Gewebselemente durch den Salzgehalt 

 der Umgebung. Yergl. Physiol. Studien, ii. 4 (1887), 

 pp. 1-58. {Cf. his references.) 



51. . (See under Light, p. 455.) 



Influence of oxygen on pigment forming. Cites Moleschott's 

 observation that a frog kept breathing pure oxygen had 

 no black pigment in its skin, pp. 174, 175. 



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