Influence of Environment upon the Organism. 477 



61. ScHMANKEViTCH, M. Meiii. Novoross. Sve. Nat., vii. Nature 

 £/ xxiy. (1884), p. 274. J. R Micr. Soc, 1884, p. 69. 



Modifying influences (on a Flagellate) of altered salinity (and 

 temperature). 



62. Semper, K. Oj^. cit. 



Records numerous effects of change of medium and chemical 

 composition. 



63. SoLLAS, W. J. On the origin of Freshwater Faunas : A 



Study in Evolution. Trans. Eoy. Soc, Dublin, 

 vol. iii., pp. 87-118. 

 Important observations on the conditions of life in fresh 

 water. 



64. TiCHOMiROFF, A. Die kunstliche Parthenogenese bei Insekten. 



Archiv f. Anat. u. Physiol. (Physiol. Abth.), Suppl. 

 Bel. (1886), pp. 35, 36. 

 Parthenogenesis artificially induced by chemical stimuli. 



65. Yarigny, a. de. Influence exercee par les principes con- 



tenus dans I'eau de mer sur le developpement 

 d'animaux d'eau douce. Comptes Eendus, xcvii., 

 pp. 54, 55. (See Water.) 



66. . Versuche an Beroe ovata, Aurelia aurita, 



und an Paguren. Biol. Centralblt., vii., 4 (1887), 

 pp. 127, 128. 



Effects of altering salinity, etc., on vitality, movements, etc, 

 of organisms. 



67. Weismann, a. Studies on the Theory of Descent, 1882. 



Discussion and literature of familiar case of Axolotl and 

 Amblystoma, 



68. WooDHEAD, G. S., and Hare, A. W. Eelations of Micro- 



organisms to Tissue Elements. J. of Anat. and 

 Physiol., XX. (1886), pp. 76-99. 



"The stimulus applied by the presence of micro-organisms 

 * or their chemical products, acts in a manner comparable 



to action of male element on ovum, in setting up 

 segmentation." 



69. Yung, E. (See Light, p. 455.) 



In shallow wide vessel, with better aeration and nearer 

 surface, tadpoles develop more rapidly. Dilute sea- 

 water slows development of tadpoles. 



