486 Froceedings of the Royal Physical Society. 



132. RoEDEL. H. Ueber die untere Temperaturgrenze bei welclier 



niedere Tliiere nocli existiren konnen. J^ilT^eitscIii'. 

 Nat., lix. (1886), pp. 183-214. 



Graded results of lowered temperature — cessation of function, 

 coma, death, etc. 



133. ScHLECHTER. Ueber die Ursachen, welche das Geschlecht 



bestimmen. Rev. f. Tierheilkunde und Tiersucht. 

 Biol. Centralblt., iv. (1884), pp. 627-629. 



Inter alia, influence of season. 



134. Semper, K. O^;. cit. 



Notes how increased heat is associated with quickened con- 

 tractions of contractile vacuoles of Infusorians, with 

 increased ciliary activity, with size of gills in Artemia 

 (Schmankewitsch), with parthenogenetic reproduction of 

 Aphides, and of Trematodes (Zeller), with more rapid 

 sexual maturity (insects, etc.), with quicker development 

 (Crustacea), etc., etc., andhow lessened heat is associated 

 with the converse, with sexual reproduction (Aphides), 

 with dwarf broods, with coma, etc., etc. 



135. Steubell, a. Zool. Anz., x. (1887), pp. 42-46, 62-66. 



Increased heat shortens larval development of Hcterodera 

 schachtii. 



136. Vines, S. J. Oj9. cit. Influence of temperature, pp. 268, 



376, etc. 



137. Weismann, a. Studies in the Theory of Descent, 1882. 



Analysis of the influence of temperature in connection with 

 seasonal dimorphism (c/. references). Cf. also general 

 facts of seasonal dimorphism, winter and summer ova, 

 seasonal alternation of generations. 



138. WiLCKENS, M. tjber das Geschlechtsverhaltniss und die 



Ursachen der Geschlechtsbildung in Haustieren. Biol. 

 Centralblt., vi., 15 (1886). 

 Influence of warmth on sex of offspring. 



139. WoRTMANN, J. Ueber den Einfluss der strahlenden Warme 



auf wachsende Pflanzentheile. Botan. Zeitung, 1883, 

 p. 474. 



b. Light (140-189). 



140. Beclard, J. Note relative a Tinfluence de la lumiere sur 



les animaux. Comptes Rendus, vi. (1858). 



