HYDROGR. SECT. — JULY 1905 — APPEND. C 
Appendix C 
Proposal for working out the data of the hydrographical observations 
by 
Martin KNUDSEN 
It will very often be of importance, to be able to judge how far an 
observed salinity is larger or smaller than the average salinity at the place in 
question.. To do so with certainty, it is necessary, however, to know the average 
salinity at each place and at each depth. The determinations of the salinity 
hitherto made, form very good material for calculating this, as the observations at 
the fixed stations have been repeated already 10—12 times and a large number 
of surface-observations are now at our disposal. 
I therefore beg leave to propose, that an average value be éalewlata 
of all the observed salinities for each station and for each depth at which suffi- 
cient observations have been made. These averages will be used, partly for the 
construction of isohalines in level-charts for the different depths from the surface 
to the bottom, partly for the construction of isohalines in representative sections. 
The charts and the sections will be published with a short explanation of the 
method of construction. 
It is very often important to know, how large a deviation of the salinity from 
the average may in general be expected; I therefore beg leave to propose, that the 
mean deviation of the salinity from the average be also indicated on the above 
mentioned charts and sections. 
The execution of the work proposed will perhaps offer an opportunity 
to make suggestions as to the currents and the general hydrographical conditions 
and changes, so that the material might be worked out at the same time in this 
direction. 
Perhaps it is preferable to postpone the work proposed, until the seasonal 
cruises have been made once or twice more, so that we may obtain as large a 
material as possible; and especially so, if many of the countries desire still to 
continue the seasonal cruises for some time in unmodified form. 
