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  bottoms 
  of 
  the 
  buckets 
  would 
  be 
  eight 
  or 
  nine 
  inches 
  below 
  

   the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  water. 
  This 
  apparatus 
  is 
  lor 
  use 
  in 
  quiet 
  

   water, 
  or 
  where 
  there 
  is 
  not 
  sufficient 
  current 
  in 
  the 
  water 
  to. 
  

   move 
  the 
  eggs 
  in 
  the 
  ordinary 
  floating 
  boxes. 
  In 
  other 
  

   words, 
  it 
  enables 
  the 
  shad-hatcher 
  to 
  prosecute 
  his 
  work 
  

   quite 
  independent 
  of 
  wind, 
  wave, 
  current 
  and 
  weather, 
  and 
  

   hatch 
  his 
  spawn 
  at 
  all 
  times 
  during 
  the 
  spawning 
  season 
  . 
  Ho 
  

   is 
  not 
  obliged 
  to 
  seek 
  a 
  current, 
  but 
  can 
  make 
  a 
  current 
  for 
  

   himself. 
  Shad 
  eggs 
  are 
  very 
  light, 
  and 
  for 
  their 
  best 
  

   care 
  it 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  necessary 
  to 
  keep 
  them 
  in 
  motion 
  while 
  

   hatching. 
  When 
  they 
  are 
  placed 
  in 
  the 
  buckets, 
  and 
  the 
  

   arms 
  worked 
  by 
  the 
  engine, 
  thus 
  alternately 
  raising 
  and 
  

   lowering 
  the 
  buckets, 
  a 
  current 
  is 
  produced 
  through 
  the 
  

   seive 
  portion 
  by 
  the 
  buckets, 
  which 
  keeps 
  the 
  eggs 
  constantly 
  

   in 
  commotion. 
  The 
  men 
  attached 
  to 
  the 
  Commission 
  went 
  

   each 
  evening 
  to 
  the 
  different 
  fisheries 
  along 
  the 
  shore 
  of 
  the 
  

   bay_, 
  and 
  gathered 
  the 
  spawn 
  and 
  milt 
  from 
  the 
  ripe 
  Shad, 
  as 
  

   they 
  were 
  taken 
  by 
  the 
  fishermen 
  from 
  the 
  seines. 
  The 
  spawn 
  

   was 
  manipulated 
  very 
  much, 
  as 
  already 
  described 
  for 
  the 
  

   Smelt. 
  It 
  was 
  then 
  brought, 
  in 
  the 
  pans 
  in 
  which 
  it 
  was 
  col- 
  

   lected, 
  for 
  some 
  times 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  miles, 
  and 
  often 
  over 
  quite 
  

   rough 
  water, 
  and 
  deposited 
  in 
  the 
  apparatus 
  just 
  described. 
  

   Generally, 
  all 
  the 
  apparatus 
  was 
  filled 
  with 
  spawn 
  in 
  differ- 
  

   ent 
  stages 
  of 
  development. 
  These 
  buckets 
  were 
  the 
  reservoirs 
  

   from 
  which 
  I 
  drew 
  my 
  working 
  material. 
  It 
  will 
  be 
  seen, 
  

   that 
  from 
  the 
  hundreds 
  of 
  thousands 
  of 
  eggs 
  and 
  young 
  fry 
  

   thus 
  presented, 
  a 
  fine 
  selection 
  could 
  be 
  made 
  for 
  study. 
  

   This 
  was 
  the 
  case 
  with 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  specimens 
  represent- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  changes 
  which 
  take 
  place 
  during 
  the 
  first 
  hour 
  or 
  

   two, 
  or 
  while 
  the 
  eggs 
  were 
  being 
  brought 
  from 
  the 
  fisheries 
  

   to 
  the 
  hatching 
  dishes. 
  

  

  Of 
  these 
  changes 
  I 
  was 
  able 
  to 
  get 
  specimens 
  at 
  South 
  

   Hadley 
  Falls, 
  Massachusetts, 
  in 
  July, 
  at 
  the 
  Hatching 
  Camp 
  

   of 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  Fish 
  Commission, 
  through 
  the 
  kindness 
  of 
  

   Deputy 
  United 
  States 
  Commissioner 
  of 
  Fisheries, 
  James 
  W. 
  

   Milner. 
  

  

  