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  twice 
  a 
  year 
  however, 
  these 
  intruders 
  can 
  be 
  readily 
  

   removed 
  and 
  destroyed 
  ; 
  and 
  the 
  lish 
  which 
  are 
  the 
  ob- 
  

   jects 
  of 
  the 
  farmer's 
  special 
  care 
  be 
  allowed 
  to 
  exist 
  and 
  

   multij)ly 
  unmolested. 
  

  

  When 
  the 
  utilization 
  of 
  an 
  ordinary 
  ice-pond 
  for 
  Carp 
  

   culture 
  is 
  contemplated, 
  the 
  essential 
  points 
  to 
  be 
  re- 
  

   garded 
  are 
  so 
  simple 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  only 
  necessary 
  to 
  suggest 
  

   them 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  the 
  guidance 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  inexperienced 
  

   culturist. 
  In 
  the 
  preparation 
  of 
  ponds 
  of 
  this 
  character 
  

   it 
  is 
  not 
  necessary 
  that 
  the 
  drainage 
  from 
  the 
  surround- 
  

   ing 
  fields 
  should 
  be 
  diverted, 
  except 
  when 
  excessive 
  in 
  

   quantity 
  or 
  liable 
  to 
  become 
  so 
  after 
  a 
  heavy 
  fall 
  of 
  rain. 
  

   A 
  certain 
  amount 
  of 
  such 
  drainage, 
  indeed, 
  often 
  proves 
  

   beneficial, 
  as 
  considerable 
  quantities 
  of 
  food, 
  generally 
  

   of 
  a 
  very 
  desirable 
  nature, 
  are 
  thus 
  conveyed 
  into 
  

   the 
  ponds 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  event 
  of 
  its 
  being 
  admitted, 
  however, 
  

   an 
  "overfiow" 
  must 
  be 
  provided, 
  which 
  should 
  be 
  well 
  

   protected 
  hj 
  wire- 
  cloth 
  screens 
  to 
  prevent 
  the 
  escape 
  of 
  

   the 
  fish. 
  As 
  this 
  overflow 
  constitutes 
  the 
  most 
  import- 
  

   ant 
  feature 
  to 
  be 
  regarded 
  in 
  the 
  construction 
  of 
  a 
  pond, 
  

   it 
  is 
  necessary 
  that 
  it 
  be 
  first 
  and 
  carefully 
  considered. 
  

  

  iFor 
  the 
  purposes 
  of 
  illustration, 
  there 
  are 
  shown 
  in 
  the 
  

   accompanying 
  plates 
  the 
  details 
  of 
  a 
  pond 
  which 
  is 
  

   supposed 
  to 
  be 
  located 
  in 
  a 
  meadow, 
  through 
  which 
  

   flows 
  a 
  rivulet 
  or 
  small 
  stream 
  ; 
  and 
  formed 
  upon 
  

   two 
  sides, 
  by 
  embankments 
  of 
  earth 
  obtained 
  

   by 
  the 
  removal 
  of 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  soil 
  from 
  the 
  enclosed 
  

   space. 
  The 
  water 
  may 
  be 
  supplied 
  either 
  by 
  introducing 
  

   it 
  from 
  the 
  rivulet 
  itself, 
  at 
  some 
  higher 
  point 
  ; 
  or, 
  as 
  in 
  

   this 
  illustration, 
  from 
  a 
  spring 
  in 
  the 
  adjacent 
  meadow, 
  

   supi^lemented 
  by 
  the 
  surface 
  drainage 
  from 
  the 
  suiround- 
  

   ing 
  high 
  land. 
  

  

  A 
  small 
  tributary 
  of 
  the 
  rivulet 
  is 
  utilized 
  in 
  this 
  in- 
  

   stance 
  to 
  carry 
  off 
  the 
  surplus 
  water 
  which 
  is 
  allowed 
  to 
  

   escape 
  from 
  the 
  pond 
  through 
  the 
  overflow 
  indicated 
  at 
  

   the 
  point 
  0. 
  

  

  A, 
  shows 
  the 
  apparatus 
  for 
  emptying 
  the 
  pond 
  ; 
  the 
  

  

  