114 K. MITSUKUKI : STUDIES ON 



cmplarc (besides the above mentioned) dnnkol brainiroth " 

 (Selenka 1867, p. 319). 



Remai'lis : — This is one of the commonest species of holothu- 

 rians on the coasts of Japan. It is abundant in Misaki. Some 

 specimens examined by me came also from Kyushu and from the 

 Island of Jki, in the Japan Sea. Tlie Japanese name is " Fuji- 

 naniako " or " Oki-namako." 



It will be scon from the list of synonyms given above that 

 I identify //. chcorala Marenzellek and //. minax Thkel with this 

 species. ^Vs Enoshima, whore the original specimens of Maren- 

 zellek were secured, is in the Bay of Sagami with Misaki in 

 sight, 1 have no doubt that the specimens which I here 

 identify as II. monacaria belong to the same species as 

 those on which H. decomta of Makenzelleu was established. 

 That writer himself has pointed out the similarity of the two 

 species, but established the new species solely on account of the 

 difference in coloration and habitat. As at the present day 

 specimens which have been identified with decomta by competent 

 autliorities are known from different localities, and their similarity 

 to II. monacaria noted (Ludwig, Theel, Bedfoep), and especially 

 since the similarity of coloration in the two species has been 

 pointed out by Bedford (1899rt), the points on which Marenzellek 

 established his species disappear. It seems Marenzeller had 

 only young specimens, for he gives 1 cm. as the size, whereas 

 individuals over 50 cm. long are common in Misaki. As to H. 

 minax of Theel, I see no reason whatever for separating it from 

 H. decorata or from //. monacaria. The only point of any 

 importance is that the tables in H. minax have only one transverse 

 beam, while in //. decorata some of the tables have a larger spire 

 and as many as three beams. When, however, we remember 



