vii MONKEYS— AFFINITIES AND DISTRIBUTION 163 



travel among the network of interlacing boughs a hundred 

 feet above the earth with as much ease and certainty as 

 we walk or run upon level ground, and with even greater 

 speed. The woodcut of one of these long-armed apes (Fig. 

 30) shows a female carrying a half-grown young one, yet 

 swinging in its favourite position. 



These little animals scarcely ever come down to the 

 ground of their own accord ; but when obliged to do so 

 they run along almost erect, with their long arms swinging 

 round and round, as if trying to find some branch or other 

 object to climb upon. They are the only apes which 

 naturally walk on the ground without resting upon their 

 hands as well as their feet ; but this does not make them 

 more like men, for it is evident that the attitude is not an 

 easy one, and is only adopted because the arms are habitually 

 used to swing by, and are therefore normally held upwards 

 instead of downwards, as they must be when walking on 

 them. 



True Monkeys — Asiatic. 



The tailed monkeys of Asia consist of two groups, the 

 first of which — Semnopithecus — have no cheek pouches, 

 but always have very long tails. They are true forest- 

 monkeys, very active, and of a shy disposition. The most 

 remarkable of these is the long-nosed monkey of Borneo, 

 which is very large, of a pale brown colour, and distin- 

 guished by possessing a long, pointed, fleshy nose, totally 

 unlike that of all other monkeys. Another interesting 

 species is the black and white entellus monkey of India, 

 called " Hanuman " by the Hindoos, and considered sacred 

 by them. These animals are petted and fed, and at 

 some of the temples numbers of them come every day 

 for the food which the priests, as well as the people, pro- 

 vide for them. Monkeys of this genus are abundant from 

 the Himalaya and north-western China to Borneo and 

 Java, varying considerably in size and colour, but being 

 very much alike in all essential points of structure. They 

 may be said to correspond to the guenons of Africa, and 

 like them are very active animals. I was often able to 

 observe their gambols in the forests ; and on one occasion, 

 when staying for a few days at one of the travellers' rest- 



M 2 



