532 



INDEX 



Utility of specific characters, 364 

 a result of natural selection, 387 

 conclusions as to, 397 

 Romanes on, 378 

 special difficulties, 393 

 the principle of, 379 

 the problem of, 378 



Valleys, how formed, 14 

 Variability, '292 



of all observed characters, 297 



of many parts at once, 294 

 Variation, cause of unknown, 302 



an viltimate fact in nature, 302 



definite and indefinite, 305 

 Variations, discontinuous, 357 

 Varieties, intrinsic and extrinsic, 314 

 Veddahs of Ceylon, 480 

 Venetz, on former extension of iSwiss 



glaciers, 61 

 Vertebrates, four limbs uf , 300 

 Volcanoes, as disproving liquid earth, 43 

 Volcanic mountains have no roots, 49 

 Volcanic phenomena, how explained, 50 



illustrated by molten silver, 52 



W. 



Walking-leaf, the Indian, 185 

 Warming, E., on spiny plants in Brazil, 



309 

 Weismann, theorj' of, 315 

 West Indies and Madagascar, 278 

 Whitney, on Yosemite, 7, 25 

 WoUaston, on beetles of Madeira, 252 

 Woolly monkeys, 168 

 Wright, Prof. G. F., on N. American 



eiTatics, 74 



Yosemite valley, 4, 21 

 supposed origin of, 7 



Zuol. distribution principles of, 282 

 Zurich, Lake, not due to earth-move- 

 ments, 144 



RlCJlAKlJ CLAY AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BUNGAY. 



