3 



The dual is formed by adding the termination ntattira to the 

 word, as, atna., " the man," (duantatera, " the two men." 



Besides this there is a particular form of dual, which is only 

 used personally by annexing the particle nan^/a, as, wora, " the 

 boy ; worananga, '' the two boys ;" kwara, " the girl ;" kivara- 

 nanga, " the two girls." 



The plural is formed by adding irbera or antirbera, as, aragutja, 

 ''the woman," aragutj irbera or aragutj ant irbera, ''the women." 



This form cannot be used in the neuter gender, l^ut the form 

 ntatera can also be used personally. 



There are six cases — nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, 

 ablative, and vocative. 



a. The nominative is expressed in a double manner. The 

 word is unchanged, if connected with an intransitive verb, as, 

 atim indaina, " the man sleeps," or katjia lima, "the child goes;" 

 but it is formed by adding the particle " ^«," when it is uncon- 

 nected with a transitive verb, as, worala gaina, " the boy cuts," 

 Arc, or apmala utnuina^'' tfec, " the snake bites," A:c. 



b. The genitive is formed by adding ^rt, as kataka, "of the father." 

 By the genitive is expressed either possession, as, tvora kataka, 

 " the son of the father ;" or it shows to whose advantage or dis- 

 advantage anything is done, as, ta irbunga inaka kniribata ka, 



' "I fishes caught old man for," 

 i.e., "I caught fishes for the old man." It also expresses the 

 purpose of any action, as, aragutja inkuka laka, "the woman 

 went ybr bullrushes," i.e., to fetch bullrushes. 



c. The dative terminates in na, as, aia katjiana ntenia, " I give 

 to the child.'' 



d. The accusative is always unaltered, as, ta kwatja njuma, " I 

 drink tvater.'' 



e. The ablative terminates in '■^ nga,'' and shows the directio:i 

 whence a thing comes, as ta hvatja nanjinga inama, " I fetch 

 \\ uter f7'om the luell /' or it signifies the material from wliich a 

 thing is made, as era idha'inja ititjinga erbuma, " he a boomerang 

 of mulga makes ;" or it signifies the cause for which a thing is 

 done, aajinga woringa tarama, " I laugh /or the sake of the boy J' 



f The vocative terminates in ai, as, katjiai, "child ! " 

 The declension of the substantive may iDe seen by the following 

 table : — 



Singular, 

 Nom. atua, or atula, the man. 

 Gen. atuka, of the man. 

 Dat. atuana, to the man. 



Accus. atua, the man. 

 Abl. atuanga, from, for the man. 



Voc. atuai ! man ! 



