206 
fessor Hutton mentions Euryapteryx gravis, Haast (= Dinornis 
gravis, Owen = Emeus gravipes, Lydekker) and Huryapteryx 
ponderosa, Hutton, as, also, possessing only four phalanges in the 
outer toe. Trans. N.Z. Institute, Vol. XX VIII., 1895, p. 637. 
The extreme length of the three proximal phalanges, in a set of 
bones belonging to a right tarso-metatarsus 144 inches long, 
which were selected for description both on account of their per- 
fection and of the fact that all the bones almost certainly belong 
to one another, are II., 1,83 mm., IIL, 1, 74, mm., IV., 1, 68; 
the length of the proximal phalanx of the inner toe is thus a 
characteristic feature of the foot. Besides its great relative 
length, Phalanx IT., 1, is further characterised by its comparative 
slenderness and the lateral compression of the greater part of the 
shaft. (Pl. v., figs. 1, 2, ZZ.) Its proximal articular surface 
forms a regular concave oval with the long axis vertical. (Fig. 5 
IT.) This elongated oval form of the articular surface determines 
the shape of the section of the proximal part of the shaft in which 
the lateral compression is most marked. From this distalwards, 
owing chiefly to the inclination of the superior border towards 
the inferior, the long vertical axis of the proximal part gradually 
diminishes until the section, just short of the distal articular 
expansion, becomes a figure that would be nearly circular but for 
some flattening of the inferior surface. The external surface is 
distinctly flatter than the internal, and on each side of the distal 
expansion js a shallow depression, that on the internal face being 
the smaller. The distal articulation forms a trochlear surface, of 
which the convexity, in a vertical direction, forms considerably more 
than a semicircle ; transversely, it is slightly concave in its upper 
part, and markedly so inferiorly. 
Phalanx IJ.,2, has an almost quadrangular outline when viewed 
superiorly. The section of the proximal articulation is subtri- 
angular, of which one angle is superior, and the base opposite 
somewhat convex inferiorly and produced further backwards 
than the angle above it. The upper surface is somewhat saddle- 
shaped, being slightly concave longitudinally, and convex 
transversely, while the undersurfaceis slightly concavein both axes. 
The section, in the middle of the bone, thus forms a segment of a 
circle less than a semicircle. The distal articulation is some- 
what crescentiform, of which the inferior margin, corresponding 
to the concavity, slopes backwards, and encroaches on the under 
surface of the bone. Small vascular canals exist on both superior 
and inferior surfaces. 
Phalanx II., 3—the ungual phalanx—is a segment of variable 
length, but usually very short and depressed, slightly curved, and 
obtusely pointed, having on each side a more or less continuous 
vascular groove. 
