Z. blumeana. ZALACCA. 77 
spadices (or primary branches) composed of a few superposed short branches, each 
bearing one spike only, and forming on the whole relatively small cupressiform 
erect panicles; by the male spikes having the spathels connate in very regular 
superposed annular rings, the one closely appressed to the other, having the 
rim quite truncate and not showing any projecting tips corresponding to the 
place of the flowers; by very small male flowers, having the segments of the 
corolla quite hürisoutully spread out during the anthesis ; and by the rather elon- 
gate style with tongue-like stigmas. 
PLate 45.-—Zalacca vermicularis Bece.—Intermediate portion of a leaf. Male 
spadix. Female spadix with young fruits. From Becc. P. B. No. 2011. 
9. ZaLacca Brumrana. Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii, 202 (first edit.) and 201 
2nd edit.) t. 123 and 159, iii; Bece. Malesia, iii, 65. 
Calamus Zalacca Gaertn. De Fruct. et Sem. ii, 967, T 18€ i L 
Descriprion.—Stemless and not differing in general appearance from the allied 
species. Leaves interruptedly pinnate; the rhachis armed along the dersum with a 
line of large flattened spines, and spinous also at the sides in its basal part. 
Leaflets in groups of 2 to 4 on each side of the rhachis in its lower part, with 
long vacant spaces interposed, more regularly bifarious towards the end; in each 
group the leaflets are regularly set and all in one plane (not pointing in different 
ways) narrowly lanceolate, slightly sigmoid, faleately acuminate and with filamentose 
tips, green and almost glossy above, ashy grey beneath, all distinetly 3-costulate in 
their basal part, the mid-costa alone much raised throughout and spinulous only 
near the apex on the upper surface; the side coste more slender than the mid 
one, smooth and evanescent upwards; the intermediate leaflets are 50—60 em. long. 
5—5'5 cm. wide; the upper ones somewhat shorter; the uppermost more or less 
united and less acuminate ; the margins appressedly spinulous from about the middle 
upwards. Male spadices (or its primary divisions?) 40—50 em. long, forming a 
rather dense, cupressiform, erect. panicle, composed of a few erect, very short, and 
approximate branches, each of which supports 1—23. spikes only, and is furnished 
with 2—3 special spathes which envelope their respective spikes. The primary 
spathes are fusiform or lanceolate, acuminate, concave, ass-ear like, of flabby struc- 
ture, thinly tomentose, splitting along one side, and finally end in long fibres. The 
sptkes are borne on a very short pedicel, with their apices at about the same level 
as their own spathes or protruding a little beyond them. are finger-like, straight, 
erect, 12 cm. long, 18—20 mm. thick at the time of flowering; the spathels are of 
a thin structure, strongly striately veined, at first completely connate by their margins 
forming truncate rings, but separating later into distinct divisions, each division being 
terminated by a broad obtuse furfuraceous point, in correspondence with the insertion 
of the pairs of flowers ; special floral bracteoles linear, very slender, hairy, paleaceous 
at their summits and on the keeled back. Male flowers very closely packed, entirely 
concealing the spathels during the anthesis, apparently all opening at one time; 
the full grown buds are 7 mm. long, clavate with a round top, 3 mm. broad, greatly 
attenuated to a narrow base; the calyx is elongate, deeply divided into 3 broadly 
4 
