Te ~ 
ge = =" * ¥ 
-. si 
370 ‘First, or Southern Coal Field of Pennsylvania. 
ter the manner of this ore. Peroxide of iron was thrown down 
on the addition of ammonia to the solution. 
Water boiled in contact with the iron, afforded, when treated 
with nitrate of silver, a copious precipitate of chloride of silver. 
_ Faint traces of cobalt were also detected in the iron. But the 
small quantity of the mineral at my command, prevented me 
from attempting to estimate the proportions of these ingredients. 
The same reason also precluded the search after other principles 
often found in meteoric iron. 'The following presents the results 
obtained : & 
Foon: sacha ides; ascqser Oc CORSO 
Nickel, ii Cho sake gee Ho SAMS 
Magnetic iron? Wii LUI 2d) el OED 
96.645 
Charleston, 8. C., Feb. 3d, 1841. 
Arr. XII.—On the First, or Southern Coal Field of Pennsylva- 
s nia; by M. Carzy Lea. 
Amone the numerous sources of wealth possessed by Pennsyl- 
vania, are her inexhaustible iron mines and coal beds. It must 
be acknowledged by all, that they constitute her true wealth, and 
they will contribute greatly to elevate her in the scale of national 
prosperity. 
Her coal beds are peculiarly valuable, possessing as she does, 
every variety of this fuel, from the hardest anthracite, to the most 
highly charged bituminous coal. She can supply those kinds 
most suitable for economical purposes, for generating gas, for 
making and working iron, in a word, for all the many uses to 
which this substance is applied. It is chiefly to her mines that 
the steam navigation of the Atlantic coast must look for its sup- 
plies, and the quantity thus consumed, though at present it may 
appear inconsiderable, will probably be soon enormously increased. 
It has been the opinion of my father for many years, that the 
hard or highly carbonized anthracite of the eastern end of the 
Southern Coal Field, changes to the bituminous in the western 
end, by nearly regular gradations, the veins probably being con 
tinuous from the one point to the other. A case analogous to this 
erated by the anthracite and bituminous coal of South 
ales. 
