234 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [J"ne, 'l8 



from one another on a definite structural basis. They can be readily 

 distinguished by the degree of the development of the mesothoracic 

 wing pads as follows : First stage, no wing pads discernible, no 

 dusky bands on the mesothorax ; second stage, no wing pads visible 

 but a dusky band on each side of the meson of the mesothorax, the 

 caudal margin of the dusky areas straight; third stage, rudimentary 

 wing pads visible as a slight projection from the caudal margin of 

 each dusky band on the mesothorax, the tip of the wing pads not 

 reaching the caudal margin of the mesothorax ; fourth stage, the 

 wing pads distinct, extend on to but not beyond the first abdominal 

 segment; fifth stage, wing pads very distinct, extend on to and some- 

 times beyond the second abdominal segment. These five stages 

 were found in the fields, indicating that the extra molt occurs m 

 nature and was not an abnormality produced under artificial condi- 

 tions. Detailed descriptions of different stages will be published later. 

 — Hachiro Yuasa, University of Illinois, Urbana, 111. 



Emergency Entomological Service. 



Publication of the reports issued under this heading by the United 

 States Department of Agriculture reporting co-operatinn l)etween 

 Federal, State and Station Entomologists and other agencies, sus- 

 pended since early January (see the News for February, 1918, pp. 

 72-74), has been resumed with No. 11 for May i, 1918, consistin;; of 

 40 mimeographed pages. 



As in the earlier issues, this number contains notes on many dif- 

 ferent entomological topics, so that it is difficult to give a summary 

 of its most important contents in a small space. The data given arc 

 not only of direct economic value, luit also of much ecological in- 

 terest. 



The foreword says, "The general tenor of all the reports is thit 

 there has been considerable climatic control of insects during the past 

 winter. It will be of great interest to watch the conditions this year 

 with a view to determining, if possible, what that control has been 

 compared with other years." Thus, winter-killing, in large per- 

 centages, of Coleopterous and Lepidopterous larvae is reported from 

 Connecticut, of bag-worms in West Virginia, of scale ins-^cts in Michi- 

 gan, Rhode Island and District of Columbia, of the Argentine ant 

 at New Orleans, of codling moth larvae in parts (but not all) of the 

 Arkansas valley and in Illinois, of aphids in Virginia and Indiana; 

 boring larvae in dead trees, however, are exceptions to this statement. 

 Winter losses were unusually heavy among bees that were not properly 

 protected in the clover region. In California, where the climatic con- 

 ditions were less severe, aphids appeared in injurious numbers in 

 January, and the cotton leaf-perforatoi (Buccitlatrix fhiirbericlla) 

 has appeared "much earlier than ever before observed," as a "quite 

 alarming" outl)reak in the Imperial Valley. In southern Arizona "ex- 



