196 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 



Woodruff). At the end of summer the Rosebreasts are met with 

 in small troops, but in the river bottoms where they roost in the 

 willows, gatherings of from 30 to 50 may be found about the 

 middle of September, probably transients in passage. At the 

 end of September these flocks have departed, but small family 

 groups do not think of leaving certain favorite stands, where food 

 is plentiful and where they are not molested; frequent visits 

 to these places reveal their presence into the second week of 

 October, and the last on record in the city of St. Louis is October 

 18, 1906. 



*597. GuiRACA CAERULEA (Linn.). Blue Grosbeak. 



Loxia caerulea. Fringilla caerulea. Goniaphea caerulea. Coccoborus caeru- 

 leus. 



Geog. Dist. — Southern part of eastern United States, north to 

 Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Kentucky, Missouri, Kansas, being 

 replaced farther west by the western subspecies lazula. In 

 winter to Cuba and Yucatan. 



In Missouri a fairly common summer resident on the southern 

 slope and western border of the Ozarks, chiefly from lat. 37° 

 southward, but also reported as fairly common at Jasper, Jasper 

 Co., by Walter Giles Savage, and possibly occurring even farther 

 north to lat. 38° 30' in Cass Co., as it was found breeding in 1901 

 at Osawatomie, Miami Co., Kan., only a few miles west of the 

 state line. The Blue Grosbeaks arrive in Missouri the latter 

 part of April (April 24, 1904, Shannon Co., Mr. W. G. Savage) 

 and remain till October (October 2, 1902, Jasper; October 5, 

 1904, Shannon Co.). 



*598. Cyanospiza cyanea (Linn.). Indigo Bunting. 



Tanagra cyanea. Passerina cyanea. Fringilla cyanea. Spiza cyanea. 



Geog. Dist. — Eastern United States and southern Canada, 

 north to Maine, Minnesota; west to eastern Kansas, and in 

 Nebraska to the 98th meridian. Breeds from the Gulf northward 

 and migrates through eastern Mexico and Central America to 

 Veragua. 



In Missouri one of the commonest and most universally dis- 

 tributed summer residents. The first arrive at the southern 

 boundary the middle of April; at St. Louis the earliest dates are 

 April 18 and 21, migrants in the Mississippi bottom. At its 

 breeding stands it does not appear before from the 24th to the 



