24 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '19 



Notes and News. 



BNTOMOLOQIOAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS 

 OP THE GLOBE. 



A One Year Life Cycle for Saperda Candida Fab. Reared in an 



Apple (Col.). 



In Bulletin No. 156 of the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Sta- 

 tion the writer called attention to the fact that it seemed quite prob- 

 able that Saperda Candida could be reared through all of its stages in 

 the fruit of apple. At the time of the writing of the above mentioned 

 bulletin the writer had in rearing two larvae which were at that time 

 nearly one year old. The eggs from which these larvae had hatched 

 had been deposited in an apple by a beetle during the season of 1917. 



The eggs hatched in this apple, and the larvae were allowed to bur- 

 row around in the fruit until it began to decay, after which each larva 

 was transferred to a fresh fruit. The borers were transferred to fresh 

 fruits whenever the condition of the latter made it necessary to do so. 

 During the winter the apple containing the insects was kept in the 

 laboratory so that temperature conditions were favorable for them all 

 the year. 



Reared in this way, one larva pupated and emerged as an adult in 

 the summer of 1918, which was just one year after the Q:gg from which 

 it hatched, had been deposited. During the course of their develop- 

 ment larvae were fed upon all sizes of apples, ranging from young 

 green fruits not much over one and one-half inches in diameter to fully 

 ripened and matured fruits. Part of the time the borers fed upon soft 

 and rotten fruits. The larva which matured in the fruit had probably 

 fed upon six different apples during the course of its development. 



It is possible,, in fact quite likely, that the unfavorable conditions 

 under which the larvae were reared, were responsible for the develop- 

 ment of one of them in one year. The beetle which developed from this 

 larva was only about 15 mm. long, whereas a normal beetle is usually 

 from 18 to 20 mm. in length. The second larva died at about the time 

 when the first one pupated. It seems most likely that the second larva 

 died because of the condition of the apple at the time of its death. The 

 latter was in the same soft and rotten condition as the apple in which 

 the first larva pupated. 



In view of the rapid and apparently normal development of the lar- 

 vae up until winter of their first year, it seems quite likely that they 

 would attain their normal development in the fruit if they were given 

 fresh material from time to time so that the medium in which they were 

 feeding would not become soft, gelatinous and even liquid as was the 

 case many times in the apples in which we reared our larvae. — Geo. G. 

 Becker, Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Fayetteville; Ar- 

 kansas. 



