10 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 



cases, making an average of 58 for the entire lot. If 

 however we take into account only the twenty-one per- 

 fectly good and normal egg-cases we find the minimum 

 36 and the average 91. These figures are, of course, for 

 the emerging nymphs and not for the eggs. A. A. Gdr- 

 ault (1907) opened 20 cases in November and counted 

 the eggs. He found the numbers to range from 49 to 

 115, with an average of 88. The close agreement of 

 Girault 's average of eggs in November and mine for the 

 emerging nymphs in June shows that there must be a 

 remarkably low elimination during this stage, in un- 

 parasitized egg-cases. 



The eggs and nymphs while in the ootheca are of a 

 yellowish color, excepting that for about a week before 

 the time of emerging the eyes of the embryo are highly 

 pigmented. And at about this time, the distal part of 

 the femur of the hind pair of legs, and a small portion 

 of the head between the eyes, are of a brownish red 

 color. The abdomen is also very slightly so marked. 

 After the insect emerges these markings are conspic- 

 uous. Cockerell (1898) who has written upon species of 

 this genus (either S. Carolina or S. limbata) says that 

 "the eyes are at first sage green, but soon after the 

 emergence of the insect they become blackish." In our 

 species, not alone at emergence are the eys black, but for 

 some time before as well. To be exact, when the egg- 

 cases were opened on May 15, the eye spots, were but 

 slightly pigmented; on May 22, they were very much 

 so, and became more and more intense from day to day. 

 Thus pigmentation of the eyes occurs from about 15 to 

 30 days, before hatching. 



Upon breaking the walls of the egg-case shortly be- 

 fore hatching, one finds the young nymph attached to 

 its cell by a short silken thread. This thread seems to 

 leave the rear end of the body and can be drawn out to a 

 considerable length with a needle. By observing the egg- 

 cases early in the morning on the day of emergence, one 



