Klem — The History of Science in St. Louis. 85 



deer, mule deer, prairie dog, and grizzly bear were un- 

 known to science until discovered by the Lewis and Clark 

 expedition, the grizzly bear being the most notable dis- 

 covery made in zoology by Lewis and Clark. 



Upon their return to St. Louis the leaders of the ex- 

 pedition began at once to write out their notes for publi- 

 cation. However, both were soon called to high office — 

 Lewis being made governor of the Louisiana Territory, 

 and Clark appointed superintendent of Indian affairs. 



Clark made St. Louis his home during the remaining 

 years of his life. He expended much time and effort 

 in establishing an Indian Museum, the first collection of 

 Indian weapons and curiosities in the country, which for 

 a long time was one of the interesting sights in St. 

 Louis to visitors. The Duke of Saxe-Weimar Eisenach, 

 who visited this country in 1825 and 1826, in his ' ' Travels 

 Through North America," gives an extensive descrip- 

 tion of this interesting museum, from which I quote the 

 following paragraph: 



"We then went to see Mrs. Clark, who, through the secretary of her 

 husband, Mr. Alexander, exhibited to us the museum collected by the 

 governor on his travels, and since considerably augmented. Mr. Alex- 

 ander showed us articles of Indian clothing of different kinds, and 

 various materials. Except the leather, the larger part of these mate- 

 rials were American, or rather entirely European in their origin. A 

 single garment alone was made by the Cherokees of cotton, which 

 was pulled, spun, wove on a loom, made by the Indians, and even dyed 

 blue by them. Besides, several weapons of different tribes, wooden 

 tomahawks, or battle axes; in one of them was a sharp piece of iron 

 to strike into the skulls of their prisoners; another made of elk's 

 horn; bows of elk's horn and of wood; spears, quivers with arrows; 

 a spear head of an Indian of the Columbia river, hewed out of flint; 

 a waterproof basket of the same people, in which cooking can be per- 

 formed; several kinds of tobacco pipes, especially the calumet, or 

 great pipe of peace. The head of this pipe is cut out of a sort of 

 argillaceous earth, or serpentine; in time of war, the spot where this 

 earth is dug out, is regarded as neutral, and hostile parties, who meet 

 each other at that place, cannot engage in anything inimical against 

 each other. The pipe which the commissioners of the United States use 

 at treaties with the Indians, has a heavy silver head, and a peculiarly 

 handsome ornamented wooden stem. Farther: Mr. Alexander showed 

 us the medals which the Indian chiefs have received at different peri- 

 ods from the Spanish, English and American governments, and the 



