ols xxix | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 43 
within ten or twelve feet of the ground, although a few were 
noted near the tree crown. When occurring in prostrate logs, 
the exit hcles seemed to be indiscriminately dispersed. 
The attacks of this beetle are not always fatal as is shown 
by a number of standing and perfectly healthy trees with exit 
holes on their boles. If these holes are numerous the tree is 
generally dead. 
In the larval, and possibly the pupal, stages this insect must 
be very resistant to water, as the log had apparently broken 
off at the roots during the winter of 1916, been carried down 
the canyon and jammed into the crevice by the high water. In 
this journey down the stream the water must have seeped into 
the interior of the log. A live larva was placed in water and 
was drowned in 28 minutes. This, however, is a more severe 
test of vitality than the water-soaked log was. A live adult 
was drowned in 15 minutes 35 seconds. Three hours in a 
strong cyanide bottle was insufficient to kill three of the adults. 
Larva—Robust, ventrally flat, dorsally convex; yellowish white, 
mandibles black; 9 abdominal segments, 3 thoracic; clypeus white, 
labrum darker and on anterior two-thirds densely, finely ciliate; labium 
and maxillae white with a line along their base chitinized; antennae 
3-jointed, bisetose at tip. Body covered with short fine silky brown 
hair; body resembles that of a “white grub” being curled, however, 
the anterior segments are much the larger. Legs apparently 3-jointed 
(Horn says with 4 articulations), tarsal claw one and cleft. Length 
46-63 mm. (All measurements following are from the anterior mar- 
gin of the thorax to the tip of elytra.) 
Pupa.—Resembles the adult, white; head, thorax, and elytra smooth, 
the latter bent under the abdomen between the middle and hind pair 
of legs; the most prominent costae and tubercles usually visible on 
the elytra; dorsal surface of the meso- and meta-thorax and of the 
abdomen visible; scutellum prominent; a row of fine recurved teeth 
across the dorsal side of each abdominal segment except the last, each 
row situated nearer to the posterior edge of the segment than to the 
anterior and on an elevated ridge; abdomen g-segmented; on the 
end of the abdomen is attached the shriveled larval skin, the mandibles 
on the ventral side. Length 42-64 mm., width 15-20 mm. 
Adult—Cylindrical, shining black; head concealed from above by 
the thorax; antennae 10-jointed, first joint elongate and stout, over 
twice as long as the second joint which is also stout; joints 3 to 7 
smaller and equal; joints 8 to 10 much wider and clavate, 8 and 9 
