Record. xxxiii 



million miles further out, the temperature beingzeroat the outer 

 limit. This means, that molecular motion will not there exist. 



The forces there acting will be gravitation, and the repel- 

 ling action of light waves from the central nucleus. The 

 entire mass of Neptune will exist in a space far more highly 

 rarified than any Crooks tube vacuum. It is of course possi- 

 ble for such nebulae to exist, but it certainly is impossible to 

 believe, that such a nebula can throw off a system of plane- 

 tary bodies. The greater part of our solar nebula must have 

 existed as a solid meteoric matter, with a temperature approach- 

 ing absolute zero. Only the central part, which is now rep- 

 resented by the sun, was largely gaseous, and at a high 

 temperature. 



Professor Nipher made the following remarks on Discon- 

 tinuities in the evolution of the Trottino: Horse : — 



About twenty years ago the writer deduced an equation 

 representing the relation between the record speed of the 

 trotting horse and the time, estimated from any assumed 

 date. This equation was not obtained from the actually 

 observed times when the record had been broken. It took 

 no account of individual cases. 



The date when any given speed, as say 2:30, originated, 

 was determined by finding the number of horses each year, 

 capable of making that speed or better. At some date the 

 first horse of this class would appear. Each successive year, 

 the number of horses of this class increases. The law of such 

 increase can easily be determined by graphical or mathe- 

 matical methods. In this way the date when the number of 

 horses of this class was one, can be determined, by means of 

 this curve of increase. 



Knowing the dates for the origin of each speed, the rela- 

 tion was shown to be a logarithmic one. The equation was 

 published giving the speed for any given date. Recently this 

 curve was plotted, from 1840 to date, and the performance 

 of every horse who has broken the record since 1845 was put 

 on the diagram. A very interesting fact was at once observed. 

 The increase in speed is not continuous, but proceeds by sud- 

 den and rapid changes, separated from each other by intervals 

 of no change. The horse will be behind the speed computed 



